module 7 chapter 6 Flashcards
What is one indicator that infants are paying attention to something
Where they look at
What are the three aspects of attention?
orienting
selecting
maintaining
Sam heard a vase drop and looked at the vase
what is Sam doing?
Orienting
Jill likes to stare at her mothers lips.
what is Jill doing?
Selecting.
Bob stares intently at the tv despite her parents yelling in the background.
What is Bob doing
Maintaining
What happens when babies do not attend to something?
They do not process
As sarah gets older she looks at the same stimulus for shorter periods of time.
What does this say about babies development.
As babies get older infants process visual info quicker and need less time to look at stimulus to learn about
When baby is confronted with a large object and a complex what happens?
Orient to big
maintain on complex
What part of attention do younger infants struggle with
orienting and disengage
especially disengage
When the central target disappears before the peripheral target pops up what does this show and what is the outcome?
- orienting
- 1 month older slower than 3-6 mos, meaning orienting improves with age
when peripheral shows up while there is a central target what happens in comparison to when the central target was not there?
Babies are slower to disengage
even adults.
Sam is confronted with a fearful face as his central target.
What will Sam most likely do?
Find it hard to disengage
What is the popular belief as to why babies are slower to disengage with fearful faces?
Evolutionary. Less likely to disengage with threat relevant stimuli =
When lining up a bright novel object and a face, what will the infant look at first?
What will the infant look longest at?
- the bright, novel object
- Face
Who will look longer at a familiar object?
a) younger baby
b) older baby
younger
Todd grew up in a poor family and Steph grew up in the suburbs and her parents were doctors.
Who will have the worst time maintaining attention
Todd
difference between episodic and autobiographic novels
Episodic = events including what,. where, etc
autobiographical = about yourself
what is the reason for not remembering events prior to 3 years of age
childhood amnesia
What are the methods best for memorizing infant memory?
- habituation
- visual recognition memory
- operant conditioning
- deferred imitation
What are the three principles of infant memory?
- older infant encode faster
- older infant remember longer
- older infant retrieve easily
What did younger infants have trouble with in the operant study?
retrieval cues
if the environment was different, memory was lost
The shrinking machine study showcases what?
That childhood amnesia may stem from the fact that infants lack words at the encoding stage to account their episodic memories
Does maturation in memory structures predict better memory?
No, there is no link.
Theory: the connection between the structures are improving which improves memory
Whtaa re two examples of individual differences between infants for memory
short/long lookers
crawlers/non-crawlers
nap/no nap
Bilingual
