Chapter 1 (Lecture) Flashcards
What was Plato’s belief in terms of development
nativist
children have the concept of animals at birth
body traps the soul
What was Aristotle’s views in terms of development
empiricist
Children are blank slates
What is an empiricist?
pro nurture
all knowledge comes from experiences
knowledge through the senses
What did John Locke believe in?
empiricism
knowledge through senses
Rousseau beliefs.
Children need absolute freedom
Descartes belief
Nativism
we are born with concepts (god, infinity, and substances)
What did Darwin bring the infant psych
what was the cons of it.
the baby biography
small sample size and reporter bias
Define Nature
BIOLOGY, GENES, Quality we were born with
Define nurture
growth through experiences
What is Nativism
the mind evolved like other organs
innate abilities
What is the poverty of stimulus
The argument nativist use to argue that the stimulus we learn with is not good enough to allow the way we learn
Meaning there has to be innate abilities to help us learn so quickly
What is the nativist way to account for different changes in humans
Change in maturation.
Define empiricist views
- all knowledge through senses and experiences
Who founded behaviourism and where can you place this on the scale of nativism or empiricism
John Watson
Pure empiricism
What study shows how experience drives eye development and how did it do it?
Artificially influence chick’s vision.
Results: eyes grow until clear sight even after manipulation
what are epigentics
Changes in how genes are expressed, w/o changes to the DNA itself
domain-general vs domain-specific
give an example and put it under either Nativism or empiricism
Domain-general: all serving, example is memory, emprisim
Domain-specific: specific, face-detection, nativism
Babies were considered {Blank} learners but researchers have shown babies are {blank}
Passive, Active
What is one way to showcase babies’ active learning styles?
Crib speech, facial preferences (face over non-face)
Quantitative vs Qualitative
Quan: gradual uniform increase, stability across life span,
Qual: rapid and dramatic change, catipillar to butterfly,
Whagt is inoculation theory and what type of change does it stem from?
Early childhood is the best to foster growth
Qual
Lnaguage is either Qual or Quan?
Neither, they look like both
What is the ethos of the change theorists
humans are plastic and nothing is permenant
In what way does context affect delayed gratification?
Reliability of the environment effects delay gratification.
Children are less likely to wait if the environment is unreliable.
