MODULE 3 + Chapter 3

Question 1

A group of philosophers believes that development starts with the homunculus. They strongly argue that prenatal life starts with this fully formed individual and gradually gets bigger.

What is this way of thinking called, and where would you place this between the ideologies in developmental psych

Answer 1

1) preformationism
2)Nativist

Question 2

Prenatal development starts from (Blank) to (Blank).

this is known as (Blank)

Answer 2

Head, foot, Cepholocaudal direction

Question 3

A mother is curious about how her baby’s limbs will develop! What can you tell her about the processes of fetal development on structures?

Answer 3

Structures = basic to specialized
example: tiny buds -> fingers

Question 4

Max claims the brain is the last thing to develop for the fetus, as it saves the best for last. Is Max correct?

Answer 4

No, specialized organs are the first to develop

Question 5

What does epigenesis mean

Answer 5

The emergence of new structures and functions during development.

Question 6

Steven has been studying frog cells before birth and found that when moving a stem cell, it completely changes to whatever, depending on the area placed. He also noticed the reduced plasticity and how there could not change back.

What would you call this phenomenon?

Answer 6

Canalization

Question 7

What is the discrepancy between scientists saying 38 weeks and the general public saying 40 weeks?

Answer 7

40 weeks is since period
time of conception is 38 weeks

Concepts happens some time in 2 weeks after last period.

Question 8

How many things and What is wrong with this explanation of conception?

“Millions of sperm are ejaculated, but thousands get to reach the egg. It takes a brief 1 hr for the sperms to go 6-7 inches. Once one penetrates the egg the egg remain open a little bit incase a better sperm comes. The tail falls off and only the head goes into egg. Now the egg is a zygote.”

Answer 8

Three things are wrong.

1) only around 200 make it
2) take 6 hrs to go 6-7 inches
3) forms zona reaction = blocks other sperms from coming

Question 9

list the 4 major developmental processes that transforms a zygote into an embryo and then a fetus.

After listing the for list what they mean.

Answer 9

1)Cell division = mitosis creates more cells
2)cell migration= movement of cells from orgin spot to different places in embryo
3)cell differentiation = transform the embryos unspecialized stem cells
4)selective death= death of unimportant cells

Question 10

Mark claims the embryonic period is the shortest in prenatal development.

T O F

Answer 10

Falso, germinal is. It lasts from conception to 2 week.

Question 11

What part of the cell becomes the baby?

Answer 11

Inner cell mass

Question 12

Dave and Danielle are fraternal twins and Aaron and Adam are identical.

With this information, what happened during the germinal period.

Answer 12

Dave and Danielle= 2 eggs got released and fertilized by 2 different sperm.
A+A= inner cell mass split

Question 13

Danny and Danielle the fraternal twins are talking about sharing 75% of genetic material! What do you say to them?

Answer 13

No, only 50%

Question 14

Mia’s mother is a fraternal twin, and her grand[arents are also twins. Mia want to have a child. What would you tell her to expect?

Answer 14

Hyper-ovulation is hereditary, high chance of twins.

Question 15

Are twins 100% genetic matches?

Answer 15

No, MZ twins do not split right at the one-cell stage
very small differences

Question 16

AJ said she and her twin share amniotic sacs! What does this tell you about their timing of split.

Answer 16

Late split and dangerous
umbilical cord entanglement

Question 17

what is the usual development for MZ twins

Answer 17

same placenta different amniotic sacs

Question 18

You meet a conjoined pair of twins. What does this say about the split.

Answer 18

Very late

Question 19

Why is the embryonic period the most sensitive period?

Answer 19

rapid cell division
major organ forming

Question 20

Mary is sad about her miscarriage. What can you tell her that may help her understand?

Answer 20

miscarriages happen due to severe defects
chromosome missing
it is extremely common

Question 21

Role of placenta

Answer 21

blood vessels that exchange fluids between the fetus and the mom
good stuff in, bad stuff out
hormones

Question 22

A baby is born with her spine showing ! What is this called and how to prevent this?

Answer 22

spina bifida
folic acid

Question 23

The doctor told Samantha she is having a boy. what period of prenatal development is this?

Answer 23

Fetal period

Question 24

Between Danielle and Dom whi is most likely to inherent a disorder.

Answer 24

Dom
has only one X = likely to get X-recessive disorders
and a Y = only affected by Y-linked disorders

Question 25

Tiara is a female but has a lot of testosterone. However, her phenotypes are all presented as female.

What is this?

Answer 25

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Question 26

Microsound shows baby’s chest wall moving and pulling in and expelling small amounts of amniotic fluid

What is this called, and why is the baby doing this?

Answer 26

fetal breathing
help respiratory system become functional

Question 27

Babies can’t see in side the womb. What is one way the baby prepares for sight.

Answer 27

Cells in the visual pathway start spontaneous activity

Question 28

Ultrasound shows baby as jerky and uncrontrolled. Which area of the fetal period is this

Answer 28

Early in the fetal period

Question 29

Fetus on ultrsound is shown to be sleeping most of the time. Where in the fetal period is this?

Answer 29

end of fetal period, close to birth

Question 30

A mother is on a high sugar diet. What can you predict the fetus to act like

Answer 30

fetus has more activity
fetus will consume for of the anmonic fluid (tastes good!)