chapter 10 and module emotions

Question 1

difference between affect and emotion?

Answer 1

emotion: particular
affect: general positive or negative

Question 2

difference between basic and secondary emotions

Answer 2

secondary requires sense of self and other

Question 3

Joy is a _______
guild is a ________

Answer 3

1. basic emotion
2. secondary emotion

Question 4

what is an example of a non-evaluative emotion and why?

Answer 4

envy
because it requires sense of self

Question 5

what is an example of a valuative emotion and why?

Answer 5

shame
it is a social standard

Question 6

different emotions reflect seperate systems that evolve as universal biological reactions to common challenges

Answer 6

discrete emotions theory

Question 7

what are the main tenets of discrete emotion theory

Answer 7

1. emotions are very different from each other
2. universal detection and feeling
3. happen at a particular time in infancy
4. evolved from a common challenge

Question 8

emotions are not separate. emotions are outcomes of a process including bodily changes and changes in cognition about outside events.

Answer 8

emergent theory of emotions

Question 9

main tenets of emergent theory

Answer 9

1. emotions start global (positive and negative) and then start to separate culturally
2. emotions aren’t clear cut
3. ppl experience them differently

Question 10

what is the only way you can not measure emotions for infants

Answer 10

self report

Question 11

What are ways you can measure infant emotion?

Answer 11

behavioural and physiological changes

Question 12

Mickey’s mom said it was not appropriate for boys to cry.

What is this an example of?

Answer 12

display rules

Question 13

what is the first emotion seen and what time?

Answer 13

cry face

20 weeks gestation

Question 14

Billy is a newborn and smiles during his sleep. His mom claims he is a happy boy!

What is the correct explanation?

Answer 14

neonatal smile due to positive sensations,

Question 15

what differs from neonatal smile and social smile?

Answer 15

neonatal just due to positive sensations, not internally happy

social smile is due to familiar people

Question 16

what culture would produce social smile earlier

Answer 16

a culture that has more one-on-one interactions

Question 17

what would a 3-8 week old smile at

Answer 17

external stimuli like touching, high pitch voices

Question 18

when is laughing most lilely to appear

Answer 18

2-5 months

Question 19

How would you best make 4 months Steven angry

Answer 19

removing interesting object/event
preventing baby from reach goal

Question 20

How would you make 4-month-old Steven very angry?

Answer 20

arm-holding
contingency disruption paradigms

Question 21

why is anger not seen before 4 months

Answer 21

needs means-ends reasoning

Question 22

How can you make the baby sad

Answer 22

same as anger

also, caregivers leaving/and being non responsive (still face trial)

Question 23

what leads to differences in stranger anxiety

Answer 23

1st is individual differences
2nd cultural differences

Question 24

what happened during the broken toy procedure

Answer 24

some respond with shame (avoidance)
some respond with guilt (fix toy, admit)

Question 25

do self-conscious emotions have cultural differences

Answer 25

Yes for the tendencies of when they experience it and cultural value

Question 26

When can 3-month-olds distinguish expressions

Answer 26

When they are very different emotions teeth versus no teeth for example

Question 27

what anxiety is cross-cultural universal

Answer 27

separation anxiety

Question 28

What is the most infrequent emotion

Answer 28

surprise

Question 29

when will stranger anxiety kick in the most

Answer 29

strangers on the streets more when not on parents lap strange males

Question 30

what does self conscious emotions need

Answer 30

sense of self

Question 31

when does the conceptual understanding of emotions start

Answer 31

1 year

Question 32

what basic emotion is the last to show up

Answer 32

disgust

Question 33

can babies match correct vocal tone and facial emotions

Answer 33

yes

Question 34

When does fear bias show up

Answer 34

7 month

Question 35

use others' emotional reactions to appraise novel situations

Answer 35

social referencing

Question 36

what cues do babies need for social referencing and which cue is stronger?

Answer 36

face and voice voice is stronger

Question 37

What type of behaviour will change babies' behaviour when they social reference? What is this called?

Answer 37

negative behaviour negativity bias

Question 38

Can 10-month-olds understand emotions? Examples?

Answer 38

Yes, 1. looked longer at mismatch (negative emotion when achieved goal)

Question 39

Can babies do emotion regulation

Answer 39

no need parents' help (co-regulation)

Question 40

What happens when babies don't get help regulating

Answer 40

incorrect development of stress development

Question 41

How does sleep training tie into emotional regulation?

Answer 41

though to help babies to self soothe

Question 42

when babies with depressed mothers look at faces which emotions will they look longer at

Answer 42

happy faces

Question 43

when looking at face children of anxious parents will not be able to?

Answer 43

look away at angry faces

Question 44

stable individual differences in emotional reactivity and regulation

Answer 44

temperament

Question 45

3 types of temperment

Answer 45

easy, difficult, slow to warm up

Question 46

why do the three types of temperament not make 100%

Answer 46

some children did not fit in cleanhy

Question 47

difference between rothbart and chess model

Answer 47

rothbart temperament model was quantitative