Module 7-9 TBL Questions Flashcards
Which hormone can affect calcium absorption for weeks after secretion?
vit D
What hormone is produced in the islet of langerhan beta cells?
insulin
What hormone is produced in the parathyroid gland?
parathyroid hormone
What hormone is produced in the islet of langerhan delta cells?
somatostatin
What hormone is produced in the thyroid parafollicular cells?
calcitonin
Which vitamin is produced in the skin and liver?
vit D
Which hormone is produced in the islet of langerhan alpha cells?
glucagon
Which hormone increases osteoblast activity?
calcitonin
Which hormone stimulates bone resorption?
PTH
Which substance regulates secretion of PTH?
calcium ions
Which ion is required to stimulate insulin secretion?
calcium
How does PTH effect serum calcium levels?
increases calcium levels
When is calcitonin released?
when serum calcium levels are high
What does a decrease in blood glucose stimulate?
glucagon secretion
Which hormone promotes protein synthesis?
insulin
Which hormone is produced by clear cells?
calcitonin
What is vit D made from?
cholesterol
How does PTH effect plasma phosphate levels?
decreases plasma levels by inhibiting kidney reabsorption
How does calcitonin effect bone density?
increases matrix
vit D is activated in the __________ by stimulation from ________
kidney, PTH
Insulin is classified as a _____________ hormone
polypeptide
Which hormone has the same chemical formula as GHIH?
somatostatin
formation of glucose
gluconeogenesis
breakdown of glycogen
glycogenolysis
formation of glycogen
glycogenesis
What condition is linked with PCOS?
hyperinsulinemia
Lack of this hormone can cause atherosclerosis
insulin
Which hormone released by the hypothalamus facilitates spermatogenesis?
GnRH
What testicular structure is stimulated by LH to produce testosterone?
interstitial cells
Which part of the sperm contains enzymes required to penetrate the zona pellucida?
acrosome
Which hormone stimulates sertoli cells to secrete androgen binding protein?
FSH
How do sertoli cells stop spermatogenesis?
secretion of inhibin
When does the human male begin secreting testosterone?
in utero
Which hormone plays a direct role in the descent of fetal testes?
testosterone
Which hormone is directly responsible for spermiogenesis?
estrogen
What is the underlying method in which testosterone effects the male body?
increase protein synthesis
What causes male hot flashes?
decrease testosterone production
How is the production of sperm and testosterone effected as the male ages?
gradual decrease in production after age 50
What process occurs during sertoli cells?
spermatogenesis
How many daughter cells is the end result of spermatogenesis and how many chromosomes does each one contain?
4 unique daughter cells containing 23 chromosomes each
What is the primary role of testosterone in spermatogenesis?
stimulate growth and cell division of spermatogonia
Where does spermiogenesis occur?
near the lumen of seminiferous tubules
Which part of the sperm cell contains genetic info?
head
Which of the following conditions is optimal for sperm production?
A) passing all NBCE exams
B) pH 2.5 environment
C) no student loan debt
D) 1.5-2 degrees C below core body temp
D) 1.5-2 degrees C below core body temp
Which component of semen contains buffers that extend the life of sperm in the female reproductive tract?
prostatic fluid
Which major component of semen supplies nutrients necessary for ATP production?
seminal fluid
What is the function of prostaglandins in semen?
reverse uterine peristalsis
What is menarche?
onset of menstruation
What is the goal of oogenesis?
produce an ovum
What is the first type of cell to proliferate around the primary follicle?
granulosa
Which hormone stimulates theca cells to produce androgens?
LH
Which hormone stimulates granulosa cells to convert androgens into estrogen?
FSH
What is the primary hormone produced by the ovaries in the follicular phase?
estrogen
What is the main hormone found in follicular fluid?
estrogen
What is the main purpose of LH spike in the ovarian cycle?
stimulate ovulation
Which structure produces progesterone during the lutenizing phase of the ovarian cycle?
corpus luteum
Which hormone prevents the formation of a corpus albicans?
hCG
How does the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle affect the endometrium?
rebuilds it
Which phase of the uterine cycle do the spiral arteries rupture?
menstrual
How does estrogen help to prevent cardiovascular disease?
lowers serum cholesterol
Which hormone is responsible for closure of epiphyseal plates?
estrogen
Which hormone is essential for stimulating breast milk production?
prolactin
Which placenta hormone is responsible for enlarging the breast and uterus during pregnancy?
estrogen
How does the ovarian cycle affect bone density?
estrogen production decreases osteoclast activity
What enzyme does FSH stimulate granulosa cells to produce during the follicular phase?
aromatase
How does placenta estrogen effect breast tissue?
increases development of milk ducts
The menstrual begins after a sudden drop in these hormones
estrogen and progesterone
