Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Advanced Spine > Module 7 > Flashcards

Module 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 primary layers of pelvic floor?

A
  1. Anal sphincter
  2. Superficial genital muscles
  3. Perineal membrane
  4. Pelvic diaphragm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Components of the anal sphincter layer

A
  • internal anal sphincter (smooth)

- external anal sphincter (skeletal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the superficial genital muscles?

A
  • bulbocavernosus
  • ischiocavernosus
  • superficial transverse perineal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the component muscles of the perineal membrane?

A
  • urethrovaginal sphincter
  • compressor urethrae
  • sphincter urethrae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the component muscles of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Levator ani

  • coccygeus
  • iliococcygeus
  • puborectalis
  • pubococcygeus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 s’s of pelvic floor dysfunction?

A
  1. Trunk support
  2. Sphincteric function
  3. Sexual function
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do the layers of the pelvic floor contribute to trunk support?

A
  • PFM and TrA co-contract = enhanced trunk stability
  • extensive fascia, ligamentous support
  • increased tone with increased IAP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do the layers of the pelvic floor contribute to sphincteric function?

A

Closure of urethra and rectum for continence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do the layers of the pelvic floor contribute to sexual function?

A
  • proprioceptive sensation
  • PFM hypertrophy » smaller vagina » more friction » increased stimulation of nerve fibers
  • achieve and maintain erection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

These fibers provide quick closure of sphincter muscles

A

Phasic fast twitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

These fibers provide closure of sphincter muscles during rest

A

Slow twitch fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Normal pelvic organ support is achieved by this from above

A

Ligamentous stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Normal pelvic organ support is achieved by this from below

A

PFM function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Preservation of continence: innervation of bladder/sphincters

A

Sympathetic innervation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Preservation of continence: storage

A

Bladder stores urine by expanding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Preservation of continence: organ position

A

Organs aren’t directly in line with the hole

17
Q

Preservation of continence: colorectal angle

A

Angle between rectum and anus

18
Q

Preservation of continence: IAP

A

Proximal urethra is within the IAP zone and gets closed off when IAP increases

19
Q

Preservation of continence: control of sphincters

A

Have both autonomic and voluntary control

20
Q

Preservation of continence: reflex inhibition

A

Reflex inhibition of detrusor in response to PFM contraction

For normal people, detrusor and PFM don’t contract together

21
Q

Preservation of continence: detrusor

A

Relaxation to allow filling

22
Q

Preservation of continence: urethral walls

A
  • spongy urethral walls

- closed by default, but opens when necessary

23
Q

Why is the urethra spongy and how does this change over time?

A
  • related to estrogen levels

- when there’s less estrogen, it becomes less spongy

24
Q

Common causes of underactive PFMs

A
  • injury (i.e. Childbirth)
  • prolonged IAP (i.e. Lifting, prolonged coughing/vomiting)
  • hormonal changes during pregnancy
25
Q

Underactive PFM: common impairments

A
  • weakness
  • adaptive lengthening of mm and connective tissue
  • atrophy
  • endurance impairment
  • impaired abd activation
26
Q

Underactive PFM: common medical dx associated with this

A
  • stress incontinence
  • mixed incontinence
  • pelvic organ prolapse
27
Q

What might cause overactive PFMs?

A
  • pelvic joint dysfunction
  • hip muscle imbalance
  • abdominopelvic adhesions and scars
28
Q

Common causes of overactive PFM

A
  • fall (i.e. On coccyx or pubic ramus)
  • impairments of joint, mobility, pain, performance
  • adhesions/scars
29
Q

overactive PFM: common impairments

A
  • altered tone
  • impaired coordination » increased tone
  • mobility impairments
30
Q

overactive PFM: common medical dx associated with these

A
  • levator ani syndrome
  • vulvodynia
  • vestibulitis
  • vaginisimus
  • anisimus
  • chronic pelvic pain
  • dyspareunia
  • coccygodynia

Advanced Spine (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions