M1-2 Class Notes 2

Question 1

Scotty dog collar =

Answer 1

Fx of the pars

Question 2

What is spondylosis?

Answer 2

Degenerative changes

OA

Question 3

A spondylolysis involves

Answer 3

pars interarticularis

Question 4

Decapitated Scotty dog =

Answer 4

Spondylolisthesis

Question 5

What are pathological reasons people lose disc height?

Answer 5

• herniated disc

- spondylosis

Question 6

What factors might cause a decrease in size of the IVF?

Answer 6

• osteophytes from facets or edges where the bodies come together
• spondylosis

Question 7

What is the only movement that causes a change in central canal diameter? How does it change?

Answer 7

• Extension

- Decreases

Question 8

When describing rotation of the spine, you should always reference this part

Answer 8

Front of the vertebral body

Question 9

Where is the axis of rotation relative to the disc?

Answer 9

Slightly posterior to center of disc

Question 10

Terminology: referring to elastic tissue

Answer 10

Stretch

Question 11

Terminology: referring to ligaments

Answer 11

• become taut

- put on slack

Question 12

Don’t say contract when referring to these

Answer 12

Noncontractile tissue (i.e. Ligaments!)

Question 13

What do the 6 degrees of freedom describe?

Answer 13

All possible types of motion that could occur at a joint

Question 14

What are the 6 degrees of freedom

Answer 14

1. Forward and backward bending around frontal axis
2. Along longitudinal axis of the spine
3. Rotation in transverse plane around longitudinal axis
4. Side bending to either side in frontal plane around the sagittal axis
5. Forward and backward gliding in transverse plane
6. Lateral gliding or translation

Question 15

Forward/backward bending: Where is the axis?

Answer 15

Goes through the disc in the transverse plane

Question 16

What other movement tends to accompany forward/backward bending?

Answer 16

Anterior glide

Question 17

Describe the movement along the longitudinal axis of the spine

Answer 17

Compression and distraction

Question 18

What movement tends to accompany side bending to either side in the frontal plane?

Answer 18

Lateral gliding

Question 19

Forward and backward gliding in the transverse plane: What is gliding on what?

Answer 19

Vertebral body gliding fwd and bkwd on the disc

Question 20

6 degrees of freedom of spinal motion: more commonly seen individually or in combo

Answer 20

Combinations