Module 6: Heros and Villians Flashcards
2 underlying causes of aggressive behaviour include
inability to self-regulate emotions effectively
higher risk of violentbehaviour in makes
Aggressive behaviour is associated with WHAT
Villiany
Males are more likely to show WHAT aggression while females are more likely to show WHAT aggression
direct, indirect
What is the following perspective of aggression:
-Aggressive drives and behaviour are instinctual
Freud-aggression is basic human instinct related to death instinct,
Aggression is activated by frustration or anfer, is not learnt, needs to be inhibited by socialisation
The role of consciousness-aggressive motives may blend in with other motives to produce behaviour not consciously intended as sadistic (eg joining the army_, triggers for aggression can be unconscious
Instictual perspective
What is the following perspective of aggression:
Aggression is present in all animals, including human beings, concerned with maintaining survival and reproduction, life history theory, slow life strategy, fast life strategy, humans have eveloved aggressive mechanisms that can be activated when circumstances threaten their survival, reproduction, success of their kin
Evolutionary
What theory is the following:
Attempts to explain individual differences in personality as an adaptable response in the context of environmental difficulties and includes slow life and fast life strategies.
Life history theory
What is the slow life strategy
Some animals have few children at older age and invest lots of energy into looking after them. Its a long term investment and reward
What is the fast life strategy
Animals produce huge number of offspring, little energy, at least some will survive, short term investment with immediate rewards (more likely in developing countries, dark triad)
What is the following perspective of aggression:
Aggressive behaviour is due to triggering of thoughts and behaviours associated with aggression. Frustration-aggress-hypothesis, aggression is related to environmental event
Cognitive Neoassociation theory
What is frustration-aggression-hypothesis
people become aggressive when they feel frustrated (frustration leads to unpleasant emotions that lead to aggressive behaviour
What is the following perspective of aggression:
Tha activation and inhibition of aggression depends on culture and learning
Eg. corporal punishment of a child=more aggressive child
Social rewards and punishment shape behaviour, cognitions play a role in exhibition of aggressive behaviour, role moddelled behaviour/observational learning (Tv, video games)
Cognitive-social perspective
What is the general aggression model?
Person and situation input variable influence aggression via the cognitions, arousal, and emotions they generate
Personal variables interac with situational variable that lead to cognitions and feelings
Threatened egotism
Unstable high self-esteem greater impact on aggressive tendancies than stable high self esteem
What is threatened egotism?
Relationship among self esteem + negative evlauations + aggressions
(Personal variable + situational input + output)
What is the multiple systems model of aggression?
focuses on angry rumination as triggering the activation of neurons in the brain and how people respons to angry feelings, in trun influencing the part of the brain responsible for executive control and aggressive behaviours
What is deindividuation
The effect whereby individuals become anonymous and no lonfer consider themselves accountable for what they have done
What is social influence?
Efffects of the presence of others on the way individuals think, feel, behave
What is self-fullfilling prophecies?
False impressions of a situation evoke behaviour that makes these impressions become true
In the Milgram experiment, how many percent of peope delivered the maximum shock
65
In themilgram experiment, the presence of what reduced compliance levels
Rebellious peers
In the milgram experiment, what factors influenced obedience
Proximity to participant, proximity to experimenter