Module 6: Heros and Villians Flashcards
2 underlying causes of aggressive behaviour include
inability to self-regulate emotions effectively
higher risk of violentbehaviour in makes
Aggressive behaviour is associated with WHAT
Villiany
Males are more likely to show WHAT aggression while females are more likely to show WHAT aggression
direct, indirect
What is the following perspective of aggression:
-Aggressive drives and behaviour are instinctual
Freud-aggression is basic human instinct related to death instinct,
Aggression is activated by frustration or anfer, is not learnt, needs to be inhibited by socialisation
The role of consciousness-aggressive motives may blend in with other motives to produce behaviour not consciously intended as sadistic (eg joining the army_, triggers for aggression can be unconscious
Instictual perspective
What is the following perspective of aggression:
Aggression is present in all animals, including human beings, concerned with maintaining survival and reproduction, life history theory, slow life strategy, fast life strategy, humans have eveloved aggressive mechanisms that can be activated when circumstances threaten their survival, reproduction, success of their kin
Evolutionary
What theory is the following:
Attempts to explain individual differences in personality as an adaptable response in the context of environmental difficulties and includes slow life and fast life strategies.
Life history theory
What is the slow life strategy
Some animals have few children at older age and invest lots of energy into looking after them. Its a long term investment and reward
What is the fast life strategy
Animals produce huge number of offspring, little energy, at least some will survive, short term investment with immediate rewards (more likely in developing countries, dark triad)
What is the following perspective of aggression:
Aggressive behaviour is due to triggering of thoughts and behaviours associated with aggression. Frustration-aggress-hypothesis, aggression is related to environmental event
Cognitive Neoassociation theory
What is frustration-aggression-hypothesis
people become aggressive when they feel frustrated (frustration leads to unpleasant emotions that lead to aggressive behaviour
What is the following perspective of aggression:
Tha activation and inhibition of aggression depends on culture and learning
Eg. corporal punishment of a child=more aggressive child
Social rewards and punishment shape behaviour, cognitions play a role in exhibition of aggressive behaviour, role moddelled behaviour/observational learning (Tv, video games)
Cognitive-social perspective
What is the general aggression model?
Person and situation input variable influence aggression via the cognitions, arousal, and emotions they generate
Personal variables interac with situational variable that lead to cognitions and feelings
Threatened egotism
Unstable high self-esteem greater impact on aggressive tendancies than stable high self esteem
What is threatened egotism?
Relationship among self esteem + negative evlauations + aggressions
(Personal variable + situational input + output)
What is the multiple systems model of aggression?
focuses on angry rumination as triggering the activation of neurons in the brain and how people respons to angry feelings, in trun influencing the part of the brain responsible for executive control and aggressive behaviours
What is deindividuation
The effect whereby individuals become anonymous and no lonfer consider themselves accountable for what they have done
What is social influence?
Efffects of the presence of others on the way individuals think, feel, behave
What is self-fullfilling prophecies?
False impressions of a situation evoke behaviour that makes these impressions become true
In the Milgram experiment, how many percent of peope delivered the maximum shock
65
In themilgram experiment, the presence of what reduced compliance levels
Rebellious peers
In the milgram experiment, what factors influenced obedience
Proximity to participant, proximity to experimenter
What is confromity
Changing our attitudes of behaviour to accomodate the stance of peers or groups
What is a psotive reference group
Influences behaviour by the individuals taking up a certain behaviour due to the groups influence
What is a negative reference group
Infleunces behaviour such that the individual follows their own standards rather than those of the group
What is social facilitation
When the presence of other individuals helps or hurts individual performance
What is social loafing
When people exert less effort when in a group
What is group polarisation
A movement towards a decision that is at teh extreme position that occurs when group members become more exposed to new ifnormation argued in a persuassive manner
What is group cohesiveness
People tend to cluster together to be viewed even more favourably by members of their ingroup
Group decisions can be WHAT and diluted if things go wrong
shared responsibility
What is group think
When members of a group make decisions based more on maintaining group harmony and cohesiveness than a critical analysis of the realities of a situation
Group think is common in groups where what
there is a charsimatic and strong leader and where the group is under extreme stress
External oppostion to a group tends to create a WHAT position
Us against them, hardened position
Is heroism linked to power
not necissarily
True or false: Status and rank have no part in determining who deserves or is awarded a hero title
True
The concept of what makes someone a hero closely linke to what
The bystander intervention
What is a reluctant hero
a hero who refuses the call to action and implicitly supports the perpretrators of evil
What is the following: A cruelly malicious person who is involved in or devoted to wickedness or crime, a scoundral
A villian
What is the following: A theory which idnetifies the elements of stories that resonate with audiences as a central tenet of storytelling. Individuals relate to and identify with characters based on the stories they hear about them
Narrative theory
Villian-victim-hero traid is central to what
political protests and conflicts
What is the following:
A theory of moral characters which proposes the individual relate to characters and the traits of goodness and power prevail in defining character types.
Character Theory
What are the two basic dimensions used to define characters
Moral quality and power
What is the following:
Explains why particular characters resonate with audiences and describe processes through which cultural perceptions of identities, behaviours, settings, and other concepts affect people thoughts, emotions, reactions
Affect Control theory
People assign effective meaning to thinkgs in their environemnt based on what three main dimensions
Evaluation (good or bad)
Potency (Strong or weak)
Activity (lively or sluggish)
What is deflection
Mismatch between our sentiments about a character and what we see in everyday life
What is unresolved deflection
causes inner disturbance an dpsychological distress
What are the three dark traid traits
Narcissim, Machiavellianism, Psychopathy
Which of the following dark triad traits is this:
selfishness, boastfullness, arrogance, lack of empathy, hypersensitivity to criticism, over confident but deep insecurities, may be seen to be vein, self centered, shallow, self concerned, egotistical, only see things from their point of view
Narcissim
Which of the following dark triad traits is this:
Duplicity, manipulation, self interest, lack of emotion and morality, cunning master manipulators who lie and commit other immoral acts without remorse, use any means they can to obtain and keep power
Machiavellism
Which of the following dark triad traits is this:
Lack of empathy or remorse, antisocial behaviour, manipualtive and volatile, controlling their personal and prefessional relationships as they attempt to balance inner chaos or weaknesses they experience, unpredictable in intentions and behaviours, explosive if things dont go as planned, disregard for others feelings leads to not respecting boundaries others set, invasive impinging on privacy
Psychopathy
What are some implications of the dark traid
anger management issues, bullying, manipulative tendancies, exhibiting narcissim, potentially aggressive behaviour, selfishness, deceitfullness
What are some ways to dealt with people showing dark traid traits
Be assertive, build empathy, build emotional intelligence, be aware of body language, practice good self regulation
