Module 6 (Exam 1) ****2**** Flashcards

1
Q

12-24 hour Neonatal Stool

A

meconium stools: viscous, greenish-black

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2
Q

2nd to 3rd day Neonatal Stool

A

transitional stools: thin, brown to green

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3
Q

Breastfeeding infant Stool

A

large, loose, yellow, frequent, non-irritating to skin

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4
Q

Formula feeding infant Stool

A

yellow, formed, pasty, irritating to skin

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5
Q

Preferred site for safe neonatal injection

A

Middle third of the vastus lateralis muscle

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6
Q

Care of umbilical cord

A
  • Assess stump and base of cord for edema, inflammation, purulent drainage
  • Note of cord clamp is on/off
  • Clamp usually stays on 24 hours after birth
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7
Q

Nursing care associated with cicumcision

A
  1. Assess per protocol for hemorrhage
  2. Observe for voiding
  3. Observe for S&S of infection
  4. Observe for restlessness, poor feeding
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8
Q

Convection

A

Heat transfer VIA air currents

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9
Q

Radiation

A

Heat transfer from warmer to cooler places

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10
Q

Evaporation

A

Heat loss as moisture dries

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11
Q

Conduction

A

Heat loss VIA direct contact with cooler objects

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12
Q

Risk factors: Impaired Thermoregulation

A
  1. Large body surface to body mass ratio
  2. Head is 1/4 total body size (compared to 1/8 for adult)
  3. Head circumfrance is 32-38cm
  4. Head circumfrance is 2-3cm>chest circumfrance
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13
Q

Normal characteristics of neonatal respirations

A
  • Rapid
  • Shallow
  • Irregular
  • Periodic
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14
Q

Periodic breathing

A

5-10 second pauses in respiratory effort followed by 10-15 seconds of rapid respirations

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15
Q

What does grunting mean?

A

Respiratory distress. Grunting is the neonate’s way of holding on to the breath for longer

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16
Q

What does flaring of nares mean?

A

Respiratory distress

17
Q

Which form of cyanosis signifies respiratory distress?

A

Circumoral/central

18
Q

What do persistent crackles on auscultation signify?

A

Possible respiratory distress - fetal lung fluid incompletely reabsorbed

19
Q

Circumoral Cyanosis

A

blue coloration around mouth. Concerning alert for respiratory distress

20
Q

Anterior frontanels

A

Soft, flat, diamond shaped

Closes between 12 and 16 months

21
Q

Posterior frontanels

A

Soft, flat, triangle-shaped

Closes between2 and 3 months

22
Q

Molding

A

Asymmetry of cranial bones due to birthing

Resolves rapidly and without consequence

23
Q

What purpose do frontanels serve?

A
  1. Brain growth
  2. Molding
24
Q

Caput succedaneum

A
  • Localized edema over vertex (back of head)
  • Develops over 1st 24 hours
  • Normal
25
Cephalohematoma
* Bleeding between skull and peristerum (tissue surrounding bone) * Develops slowly over the first 24 hours * Generally located over parietal bones or vertex * Can not cross suture lines * Concerning * Jaundice
26
Milia
Immature sebaceous glands on the forehead, nose, chin normal, goes away on own
27
Erythema Toxicum
* diffuse, red blotchy areas with raised, white centers * usually on face, trunk, shoulders, back, legs * No lotions for a few weeks * Resolves on its own
28
Blue-Gray Maculae
* Highly pigmented areas * Usually on shoulders, buttocks, sacral area * Usually fade; sometimes go away completely (but not always)
29
Nevus Simplex/Telangiectatic Nevi
* "Stork bites" * Dilated capillaries * Usually on eyelids, glabella, nape of neck, small of back * Don't always go away but usually fade
30
Vernix Caseosa
1. Cremy, protective covering inutero 2. FT infant presents with very little vernix (in skin creases only)
31
Jaundice
1. Yellow pigmentation of the skin 2. Caused by deposition of bilirubin (unusable portion of hemolyzed RBC)