Module 6 (Exam 1) ****2****

Question 1

12-24 hour Neonatal Stool

Answer 1

meconium stools: viscous, greenish-black

Question 2

2nd to 3rd day Neonatal Stool

Answer 2

transitional stools: thin, brown to green

Question 3

Breastfeeding infant Stool

Answer 3

large, loose, yellow, frequent, non-irritating to skin

Question 4

Formula feeding infant Stool

Answer 4

yellow, formed, pasty, irritating to skin

Question 5

Preferred site for safe neonatal injection

Answer 5

Middle third of the vastus lateralis muscle

Question 6

Care of umbilical cord

Answer 6

• Assess stump and base of cord for edema, inflammation, purulent drainage
• Note of cord clamp is on/off
• Clamp usually stays on 24 hours after birth

Question 7

Nursing care associated with cicumcision

Answer 7

1. Assess per protocol for hemorrhage
2. Observe for voiding
3. Observe for S&S of infection
4. Observe for restlessness, poor feeding

Question 8

Convection

Answer 8

Heat transfer VIA air currents

Question 9

Radiation

Answer 9

Heat transfer from warmer to cooler places

Question 10

Evaporation

Answer 10

Heat loss as moisture dries

Question 11

Conduction

Answer 11

Heat loss VIA direct contact with cooler objects

Question 12

Risk factors: Impaired Thermoregulation

Answer 12

1. Large body surface to body mass ratio
2. Head is 1/4 total body size (compared to 1/8 for adult)
3. Head circumfrance is 32-38cm
4. Head circumfrance is 2-3cm>chest circumfrance

Question 13

Normal characteristics of neonatal respirations

Answer 13

• Rapid
• Shallow
• Irregular
• Periodic

Question 14

Periodic breathing

Answer 14

5-10 second pauses in respiratory effort followed by 10-15 seconds of rapid respirations

Question 15

What does grunting mean?

Answer 15

Respiratory distress. Grunting is the neonate’s way of holding on to the breath for longer

Question 16

What does flaring of nares mean?

Answer 16

Respiratory distress

Question 17

Which form of cyanosis signifies respiratory distress?

Answer 17

Circumoral/central

Question 18

What do persistent crackles on auscultation signify?

Answer 18

Possible respiratory distress - fetal lung fluid incompletely reabsorbed

Question 19

Circumoral Cyanosis

Answer 19

blue coloration around mouth. Concerning alert for respiratory distress

Question 20

Anterior frontanels

Answer 20

Soft, flat, diamond shaped

Closes between 12 and 16 months

Question 21

Posterior frontanels

Answer 21

Soft, flat, triangle-shaped

Closes between2 and 3 months

Question 22

Molding

Answer 22

Asymmetry of cranial bones due to birthing

Resolves rapidly and without consequence

Question 23

What purpose do frontanels serve?

Answer 23

1. Brain growth
2. Molding

Question 24

Caput succedaneum

Answer 24

• Localized edema over vertex (back of head)
• Develops over 1st 24 hours
• Normal

Question 25

Cephalohematoma

Answer 25

• Bleeding between skull and peristerum (tissue surrounding bone)
• Develops slowly over the first 24 hours
• Generally located over parietal bones or vertex
• Can not cross suture lines
• Concerning
• Jaundice

Question 26

Milia

Answer 26

Immature sebaceous glands on the forehead, nose, chin

normal, goes away on own

Question 27

Erythema Toxicum

Answer 27

• diffuse, red blotchy areas with raised, white centers
• usually on face, trunk, shoulders, back, legs
• No lotions for a few weeks
• Resolves on its own

Question 28

Blue-Gray Maculae

Answer 28

• Highly pigmented areas
• Usually on shoulders, buttocks, sacral area
• Usually fade; sometimes go away completely (but not always)

Question 29

Nevus Simplex/Telangiectatic Nevi

Answer 29

• “Stork bites”
• Dilated capillaries
• Usually on eyelids, glabella, nape of neck, small of back
• Don’t always go away but usually fade

Question 30

Vernix Caseosa

Answer 30

1. Cremy, protective covering inutero
2. FT infant presents with very little vernix (in skin creases only)

Question 31

Jaundice

Answer 31

1. Yellow pigmentation of the skin
2. Caused by deposition of bilirubin (unusable portion of hemolyzed RBC)