module 5 (waves and light) Flashcards

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1
Q

define penumbra

A

where the light is partially blocked

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2
Q

define umbra

A

the centre where it appears dark (fully blocked)

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3
Q

define shadows

A

when light is blocked by an opaque object

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4
Q

define the rule of reflection

A

when light rays are reflected from a surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection

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5
Q

define an incident ray

A

a ray of light that is pointing towards and striking a surface

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6
Q

define reflection

A

when light bounces off an object

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7
Q

define refraction

A

the bending of light or sound as it passes through something

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8
Q

when does refraction occur?

A

when it has suddenly become more difficult or easy for waves to move and they suddenly change speed

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9
Q

what happens when light rays enter a dense subject?

A

the light rays are refracted towards the normal

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10
Q

what happens when light rays return to a lower density material?

A

the light rays are refracted away from the normal

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11
Q

define light dispersion

A

the separation of white light into colours of any radiation according to wave length

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12
Q

define white light

A

light made up of all the colours on the visible spectrum

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13
Q

what are the primary colours in light?

A

red, green, blue

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14
Q

what are the secondary colours in light?

A

magenta, yellow, cyan

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15
Q

define a wave

A

a transfer of energy form one place to another

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16
Q

define a medium

A

a substance that can carry the wave

17
Q

define a transverse wave

A

a wave where the medium moves up and down, perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

18
Q

define a longitude wave

A

a wave where the medium moves back and forth, parallel to the direction of energy transfer

19
Q

define amplitude

A

the distance from the centre line to the top of the crest or to the bottom of the trough

20
Q

define wavelength

A

the distance on one point of one wave to the same point on the next wave

21
Q

define compression

A

a region where the particles are closest together

22
Q

define rarefraction

A

a region where the particles are further apart

23
Q

define frequency

A

how many waves occur each second

24
Q

what is frequency measured in?

A

Hertz (Hz)

25
Q

define period

A

the time it takes for one wave to pass (in seconds)