Module 4.4 Joints and Ligaments Flashcards
Fibrous joints
Between cranial bones *immovable
Cartilaginous Joints
Between vertebrae *slightly moveable
- vertebrae also separates by disks (which increase flexibility
- pelvic bones slightly movable bc theyre anteriorly joined by fibrous cartilage (the pubic symphysis)
- joint becomes more flexible during late pregnancy due to hormone changes, allow pelvis to expand during child birth
Synovial joints
- most joints
- freely moveable
- bones separated by joint cavity
Ligaments
Composed of fibrous connective tissue, binds bones together
Joint Capsule
Ligaments hold bones in place & form joint capsule
-lines with synovial membrane
Synovial fluid
-Produced by synovial membrane
Hinge joints
Ie: knee and elbow joints
-largely permit movement in one direction only
Ball and socket joints
Allow movement in all planes and even a rotational movement
Ie: hip (femur into socket of pelvis)
Shoulder joint
Saddle joint
Ie: thumb
-allows thumb to move freely cross over palm
Pivot Joint
-allows rotational movement
Ie: cervical spine (C1 and C2) allow rotation of vertebrae
Sternoclavicular Ligament
Joins sternum w/clavicle
Coracoclavicular Ligament
Joins coracoid process of scapula to clavicle
Coracoacromial Ligament
Joins coracoid process to acromion of the scapula
Coracohumeral Ligament
Connects head of humerus to coracoid process of the scapula
Tendons rotator cuffs shoulder
Supraspinatus
Infrapinatus
There’s Minor
Subscapularis
-help limit movement at shoulder so head of humerus is stabilized w/joint
Menisci (knee)
Crescent-shaped pieces of cartilage
-gives added stability to femur to articulate tibia
Larger Patellar Ligament (knee)
Located anterior if knee
MCL and LCL (knee)
Medial (tibial)
Lateral (fibulae)
Collateral ligaments
Stabilize sides of knee
ACL and PCL (knee)
- interior joint contains anterior crucial ligament (ACL)
- posterior crucial ligaments (PCL)
Bursar (knee)
Knee joint contains 13 fluid filled sacs
- East friction between tendons, ligaments, & bones
- inflammation of bursae joint is called bursitis
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament (spine)
Connecting anterior vertebral bodies
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (spine)
Connecting the posterior vertebral bodies
Interspinous Ligaments (spine)
Connects spinous process of 2 adjacent vertebrae
Supraspinous Ligament (spine)
Connects posterior portion the spinous processes
Intervertebral Discs (spine)
Act as padding between vertebrae
Prevent vertebrae from grinding against each other
Herniated disk (spine)
When posterior longitudinal ligament becomes weakened, Center portion of disc may bulge into vertebral foreman
-body may heal itself or be surgically removed
