Lower Leg (Muscles)

Question 1

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 1

ORIGIN: lateral condyle of tibia

INSERTION: base of metatarsal 1, medial cuneiform

ACTION: dorsiflexion, inversion of foot

INNERVATION: deep peroneal nerve

Question 2

Extensor Digitorum longus

Answer 2

ORIGIN: lateral condyle of tibia

INSERTION: distal phalanges of digits 2-5

ACTION: dorsiflexion of foot, extends digits 2-5

INNERVATION: deep peroneal nerve

Question 3

Extensor hallucis longus

Answer 3

ORIGIN: anterior surface of fibula

INSERTION: dorsal surface of digit 1 (great toe)

ACTION: dorsiflexion of foot, extension of digit 1

INNERVATION: deep peroneal nerve

Question 4

Peroneus Brevis

Answer 4

ORIGIN: lateral, distal fibula

INSERTION: lateral side of 5th metatarsal

ACTION: plantarflex and evert foot (pronate)

INNERVATION: superficial peroneal nerve

Question 5

Peroneus Longus

Answer 5

ORIGIN: posterior surface of tibia, superior fibula

INSERTION: base of metatarsal 1

ACTION: plantarflex and evert foot (pronate)

INNERVATION: superficial peroneal nerve

Question 6

Gastrocnemius

Answer 6

ORIGIN: medial and lateral heads: posterior surfaces of medial and lateral femoral condyles

INSERTION: posterior surface of calcaneus via Achilles tendon

ACTION: plantarflexion of foot, knee flexion

INNERVATION: tibial nerve

Question 7

Soleus

Answer 7

ORIGIN: posterior surface of fibula, medial region of posterior tibia

INSERTION: posterior surface of calcaneus via Achilles tendon

ACTION: plantarflexion of foot

INNERVATION: tibial nerve

Question 8

Tibialis Posterior

Answer 8

ORIGIN: posterior surface of tibia, interosseous membrane, medial surface of fibula

INSERTION: navicular bone, cuneiforms (3), cuboid, and metatarsals 2-4

ACTION: plantarflexion, inversion and adduction of foot

INNERVATION: tibial nerve

Question 9

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 9

ORIGIN: posterior surface of tibia

INSERTION: inferior surface of distal phalanges 2-5

ACTION: flexion of digits 2-5; inversion and plantarflexion of foot

INNERVATION: deep peroneal nerve

Question 10

Flexor hallucis longus

Answer 10

ORIGIN: posterior fibula

INSERTION:inferior surface of distal phalanx of digit 1 (great toe)

ACTION: flexion of digit 1, inversion and plantarflexion of foot

INNERVATION: tibial nerve (deep peroneal branch)