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Anatomy & Physiciology 1 > Module 4.2 Appendicular Skeleton > Flashcards

Module 4.2 Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoral Girdle

A
  • Composed of 2 clavicles & 2 scapulae

- each clavicle (collarbone) connects w/sternum anteriorly & scapula (shoulder) posteriorly

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2
Q

Scapula (shoulder blade)

A

Only attached to rib cage via muscles

  • allows motion in arms
  • many muscles & ligaments attach to it
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3
Q

Humerus

A

Rounded head that fits into socket of the scapula

  • lot of muscles needed to hold humerus in place
  • lots of movement at shoulder
  • easily dislocated
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4
Q

Radius

A

Thumb side of forearm

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5
Q

Ulna

A

Other bone in forearm

-OLCERANON PROCESS most prominent bone of ulna, can be palpated posteriorly

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6
Q

Forearm

A

Radius & ulna

-allows for supination & pronation (turn palm up & palm down)

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7
Q

Scapula (posterior side)

A

Susprasinatus fossa
Infraspinatus fossa
Scapular spine

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8
Q

Acromion process (scapula)

A
  • Projects from scapular spine which can be seen from both posterior & anterior views
  • connects to clavicle anteriorly
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9
Q

Glenoid cavity (scapula)

A

-located in neck of scapula where head of humerus articulates w/scap

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10
Q

Coracoid process

A

Projects anteriorly from scapula allowing for muscles movement

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11
Q

Humerus

A
  • Single long bone in upper arm
  • fits into socket of scap. at glenoid cavity *held by rotator cuff muscles & other ligaments
  • glenoid cavity smaller than head of humerus
  • structure provides little stability
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12
Q

Dislocation

A

(Of joint)

-bone is removed from it socket

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13
Q

Humerus

A 
Head
Neck 
Shaft
Capitulum
Trochlea
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14
Q

Capitulum (humerus)

A

Articulates small portion of radius

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15
Q

Trochlea (humerus)

A

Articulates w/ulna

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16
Q

Medical Epicondyle (humerus)

A

-humerus can be palpated on medial side of the arm at elbow

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17
Q

Lateral epicondyle (humerus)

A

Humerus can be palpated on the lateral side of arm at elbow

18
Q

Carpal bones

A
  • wrist has 8

- look like small pebbles

19
Q

Carpal bones (Proximal row)

A

(Lateral to medial)

scaphoid
lunate
triquetral
pisiform

20
Q

Carpel Bones (Distal row)

A 
(Lateral to medial)
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
21
Q

Metacarpal

A

Fan out to form framework of palm

-1sr metacarpal the a thumb & 5th is the pinky

22
Q

Phalanges

A

Bones of fingers & thumb

  • long slender & lightweight
  • thumb (1st digit) has 2 phalanges others have 3
23
Q

Pelvic girdle

A

Consist of 2 heavy, large coxal bones

-has many important bone landmarks for attachment of muscles for lower limbs

24
Q

Coxal bones (ossa coxae/innominate bones)

A

Anchored to the sacrum posteriorly via network of ligaments
-symmetrical

-formed by fusion if 3 bones ilium, ischium, & pubis

25
Q

Ilium (coxal)

A
  • Most superior of the sections

- Can be palpated on lateral sides of hips

26
Q

Ischium

A
  • Located posteriorly
  • “sits bones”
  • bones landmarks that can be felt sitting upright in a chair
27
Q

Pubis

A
  • forms center anteriorly

* connected by public symphysis

28
Q

ASIS (Anterior Superior Iliac Spine)

A

Located on anterior portion of ilium

29
Q

Pubic arch/pubic brim

A
  • wider in females (arch)

- shaped like circles in male, ovals in females *to accommodate childbirth (brim)

30
Q

Femur

A

-largest, longest single bone in body

31
Q

Acetabulum

A

Aka hip joint

-where head of femur articulates w/pelvic girdle

32
Q

Patella

A
  • sits anteriorly to femur

- formed within quadriceps femoris tendon

33
Q

Lower leg structure

A

Tibula (medial)

Fibula (lateral)

34
Q

Tibia

A
  • Larger of 2 bones

- has ridge that can be easily palpated anteriorly

35
Q

Medial malleolus (of tibia)

A

Medial side of ankle

36
Q

Lateral Malleolus (fibula)

A

Lateral side of ankle

37
Q

Tarsal bones (ankle)

A

-7

medial cuneiform 
intermediate cuneiform
lateral cuneiform
navicular
cuboid
talus 
calcaneus
38
Q

Metatarsal (ankle/toes)

A

Bones span between ankles & toes

  • as a result longitudinal arches from heel to toes & transverse arch across the foot
  • provide a stable springy base for body
39
Q

Flat feet

A

-likely to occur if tissues binding the metatarsals together become weakend

40
Q

Hallux

A

Great toe
1st metatarsal

*only has a distal & proximal phalanx

Metatarsals 2-5 have distal, middle, & proximal phalanx

41
Q

Phalanges (toes)

A

Bones in toes (just like fingers)

Anatomy & Physiciology 1 (28 decks)

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