Module 4.1 Overview of Skeletal System Flashcards
Skeleton
comprised of a network of bones held together at joints
Skeleton Functions
- protects vital internal organs
- stores inorganic calcium & phosphorus salts
- provide sites for attachment of muscle, tendons, & ligaments
Types of bones
- Long Bones
- Flat Bones
- Short Bones
- Irregular Bones
- Sesamoid Bones
Long Bones
- long & thin
- designed to support body weight and enable movement
Ie: humerus, ulna, radius, tibia, fibula, metacarpals, & metatarsals
Flat bones
-form roof of the skull to protect the brain
Ie: cranium
Short Bones
- small and cube-shaped
Ie: -carpals in the hand
-tarsals in the foot
Irregular Bones
-varied in structure w/ridges or irregular surfaces
Ie: vertebrae
* protect the spinal cord &enable spinal movements
Sesamoid Bones
- small & flat
- reinforcing tendons
Ie: patella
Bone Landmarks
distinct markings, ridges, grooves, or holes
Bone Landmark Functions
- allow for tendons to attach
- Other markings indicate where nerves & blood vessels run alongside the bone
- penetrate the bone to provide blood & nervous supply
Foramen, canal, fissure (Bone Landmark)
- openings in bone
- allow for nerves, blood supply, or a passageway
Sinus (Bone Landmark)
hollow chamber in bone, usually filled with air
Process, ramus (Bone Landmark)
elevations in bone
Trochanter, tuberosity, tubercle, crest, line, spine (Bone Landmark)
processes or projections for tendon or ligament attachment
Head, neck, condyle, trochlea, facet (Bone Landmark)
processes designed for articulation with adjacent bones
