Module 4 - Tourism and Culture

Question 1

List any five characteristics or habits of tourists from Mainland China.

Answer 1

Here are five characteristics or habits commonly observed in tourists from Mainland China:

1. Group Travel: Many Chinese tourists prefer travelling in organized groups, often accompanied by a tour guide for convenience and guidance.
2. Shopping-Oriented: Shopping is a significant part of their travel experience, with a strong interest in luxury goods, local products, and souvenirs.
3. Use of Technology: Chinese tourists are often heavy users of mobile apps, particularly for payment methods like WeChat Pay and Alipay, as well as for navigation and translation services.
4. Interest in Cuisine: Chinese tourists often seek authentic local food experiences, sometimes preferring familiar tastes or looking for high-quality dining options.
5. Respect for Tradition and Etiquette: They generally value respect for local customs and traditions and may be more inclined to visit historical sites, temples, or cultural landmarks that align with their heritage interests.

Question 2

List any five characteristics or habits of British tourists.

Answer 2

Here are five characteristics or habits commonly observed in British tourists:

1. Independent Travel: British tourists often prefer to travel independently, whether through self-organized trips or using travel packages that offer flexibility.
2. Interest in History and Culture: Many British tourists enjoy visiting historical sites, museums, and cultural landmarks to learn about local history and heritage.
3. Punctuality: British tourists are generally punctual and expect others to be on time, particularly for tours or activities.
4. Appreciation for Comfort: They tend to seek a good balance of comfort and value, favoring well-rated accommodations and quality services without being overly extravagant.
5. Use of English Language: While many British tourists may not speak foreign languages, they typically expect English to be widely understood and are likely to use translation apps or simple phrases when necessary.

Question 3

List any five characteristics or habits of Japanese tourists.

Answer 3

1. Politeness and Respect: Known for courteous behaviour, following social etiquette, and being mindful of surroundings.
2. Group Travel: Prefer traveling in groups with a tour guide for security and convenience.
   3.Interest in Cultural Experiences: Enjoy visiting historical sites, temples, shrines, and museums to explore local culture.
3. Attention to Detail: Organized and thorough in planning, paying attention to schedules, maps, and customs.
4. Preference for Cleanliness: Emphasize cleanliness, avoid littering, and maintain neatness in accommodations.

Question 4

List any five characteristics or habits of American tourists.

Answer 4

1. Interest in Adventure and Exploration: Seek new experiences, adventure travel, and outdoor activities.
2. Casual and Friendly Attitude: Open, friendly, and approachable, engaging with locals and travellers.
3. Preference for Comfort and Convenience: Favor comfortable accommodations and modern amenities.
4. Use of Technology: Rely on apps for navigation, bookings, and communication.
5. Desire for Authentic Experiences: Interested in local culture, cuisine, and immersive activities.

Question 5

Non-verbal communication is sometimes more direct and powerful than verbal communication. What should a tourist guide note when using hand gestures to communicate with the visitors? Give any three points to note.

Answer 5

1. Cultural Sensitivity: Be aware of cultural differences in hand gestures to avoid misunderstandings or offence.
2. Clarity and Simplicity: Use simple, clear gestures that are easy to understand and avoid complex movements.
3. Complement Verbal Communication: Ensure hand gestures support and reinforce the verbal message, enhancing understanding.

Question 6

Edward T. Hall, a respected anthropologist and cross-cultural researcher, identified two classic dimensions of culture: high-context and low-context cultures. Explain the differences between the two cultures.

Answer 6

High-context cultures value implicit, relationship-based communication, while low-context cultures focus on clear, direct messages.

1. High-context Cultures: Communication is indirect and relies on nonverbal cues, shared experiences, and context. Examples include Japan, China, and many Arab and Latin American cultures.
2. Low-context Cultures: Communication is direct, clear, and explicit. People say exactly what they mean, with less reliance on context. Examples are the United States, Germany, and Scandinavia.

Question 7

There are various dietary taboos for different religious beliefs and customs. List the dietary taboos of the religious followers below:
i) Buddhist ii) Muslim

Answer 7

I. Buddhist Dietary Taboos:
a) Avoid Meat Consumption
b) Alcohol is generally prohibited
c) Avoid Onions, Garlic, and Strong Spices
d) Discourage Overeating

II. Muslim Dietary Taboos:
a) Pork is strictly prohibited
b) Alcohol is prohibited
c) Halal Meat: Muslims are only allowed to eat meat that has been slaughtered according to halal (permissible) methods.
d) Improper Slaughter: Meat from animals that were not slaughtered following Islamic rites
e) Improper Food Combinations

Question 8

There are various dietary taboos for different religious beliefs and customs. List the dietary taboos of the religious followers below:
i) Hindus ii) Jewish

Answer 8

I. Hindu Dietary Taboos:**
1. Beef consumption is strictly avoided.
2. Alcohol is generally avoided.
3. Consumption of Meat and Fish is often avoided (Many Hindus follow a vegetarian diet)
4. Consumption of Onion and Garlic is avoided by some Hindus
5. Fasting and Abstinence during religious observances

II. Jewish Dietary Taboos:
1. Consumption of Pork is forbidden
2. Shellfish and Non-Kosher Seafood are prohibited.
3. Mixing Meat and Dairy is prohibited
4. Unkosher Meat: Animals must be slaughtered according to Jewish dietary laws.
5. Wine must be produced by Jewish people and meet specific kosher standards.