Module 4: The Lower Limb Flashcards
Lateral rotator group
-this group of muscle are muscles are primarily involved in lateral rotation of femur at joint
Lateral rotator group compartments
-superficial
-intermediate
-deep
Superficial compartment of lateral rotator group
-gluteus medius
-gluteus maximus
Intermediate group of lateral rotator group
-gluteus medius
-lateral rotators
Deep group of lateral rotator group
-gluteus minimus
-lateral rotators
Lateral rotator muscles
-piriformis
-obturator internus
-superior and inferior gemelli
-quatratus femoris
-obturator externus
Piriformis
-attaches from pelvic surface of lateral sacrum and attaches to femur
Obturator internus
-originates on obturator membrane of pelvis and inserts on the femur
Superior and inferior gemelli
-run above and below obturator internus
Quadratus femoris
-runs from ischial tuberosity to femur
Obturator externus
-runs from outer surface of obturator membrane to femur
Gemellus pain syndrome
-muscle spasm of overworked gemelli muscles can put pressure on surrounding nerves
What is the main nerve involved in gemellus pain syndrome
-posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
-runs over gemelli muscles and can become compressed
Gemellus pain syndrome symptoms
-reduced range of motion of hip
-numbness in posterior thigh skin
Blood supply of the gluteal region
-branches of internal iliac artery, primarily superior and inferior gluteal arteries
How do gluteal region arteries enter the gluteal region
-through greater sciatic foramen
-superior and inferior to piriformis muscle
Venous drainage of gluteal region
-each arterial branch has a corresponding venous branch that travels alongside it
-drain into internal iliac vein
Internal iliac artery stenosis
-narrowing of internal iliac arteries reduces blood supply to structures supplied by branches of internal iliac artery
How is iliac artery stenosis usually caused
-typically a concequence of atherosclerosis
Internal iliac artery stenosis symptoms
-cramping of muscles in lower back, hip, buttock or thigh
-futher induced by exercise
Innervation of the gluteal region
-superior gluteal nerve
-inferior gluteal nerve
-posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
-sciatic nerve
-pudendal nerve
Superior gluteal nerve
-motor innervation to gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae
Inferior gluteal nerve
-motor innervation to gluteus maximus