Module 31: Challenges during Middle and Late Childhood

Question 1

What is the most common chronic untreated condition in middle and late childhood?

Answer 1

Tooth decay remains one of the most common chronic untreated conditions

Question 2

What is important that young children should have access to?

Answer 2

Access to proper dental care is important for young children

Question 3

What are the recommended calories per day?

Answer 3

Recommended calories per day for schoolchildren 9 to 13 years of range from 1,400 to 2,600 depending on gender and activity level

Question 4

How much sleep do children in middle and late childhood need?

Answer 4

average of 10 hrs a day

Question 5

Factors that affect Children’s Sleep

Answer 5

+ Exposure to media screens
+ Physical inactivity
+ Secondhand smoke
+ Poor housing
+ Vandalism
+ Lack of parks and playgrounds

Question 6

Sleep-Disordered Breathing

Answer 6

Persistent snoring, at least 3x a week, may indicate a child has sleep-disordered breathing, which is linked to behavioral and learning difficulties

Question 7

Body Image

Answer 7

Body Image (how one believes one looks) becomes important early in middle childhood, especially for girls, which could lead to eating disorders during adolescence (may be influenced by playing unrealistic dolls such as Barbie)

Question 8

Causes of Obesity in Middle/Late Childhood

Answer 8

+ Overweight parents or other relatives
+ Poor nutrition
+ Eating fast food
+ Sugar
+ Inactivity

Question 9

Acute Medical Conditions

Answer 9

occasional, short-term conditions, such as infections and warts

Question 10

Chronic Medical Conditions

Answer 10

physical, developmental, behavioral, or emotional conditions that persists 3 months or more such as asthma and diabetes

Question 11

Asthma

Answer 11

chronic, allergy-based respiratory disease characterized by sudden attacks of coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing

Question 12

What are possible causes of asthma?

Answer 12

Caused by genetics, smoke exposure, low levels of vitamin D

Question 13

Diabetes

Answer 13

+ one of the most common diseases in school-aged children
+ characterized by high levels of glucose in the blood as a result of defective insulin production, ineffective insulin action, or both

Question 14

Hypertension

Answer 14

high blood pressure; children with
hypertension are more likely to have learning disabilities and may have problems with executive functioning

Question 15

What is the leading cause of accidental death among school-age children in the US?

Answer 15

Accidental Injuries are the leading cause of accidental death among school-age US Children

Question 16

Intellectual Disability

Answer 16

+ significantly subnormal cognitive functioning

Question 17

Intervention Programs

Answer 17

intervention programs have helped many of those mildly or moderately disabled and those considered borderline to hold jobs, live in the community, and
function in society

Question 18

Learning Disabilities

Answer 18

difficulty in learning that involves understanding or using spoken or written language, and the difficulty can appear in listening, thinking, reading, writing, and spelling

Question 19

What are the different learning disabilities?

Answer 19

1. Dyslexia
2. Dysgraphia
3. Dyscalculia

Question 20

ADHD

Answer 20

most common mental disorder in childhood

Question 22

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 22

Pervasive Developmental Disorder

Question 23

Asperger Syndrome

Answer 23

mild ASD

Question 23

Autistic Disorder

Answer 23

severe developmental ASD that has onset during the first 3 yrs of life

Question 24

Bullying

Answer 24

aggression that is deliberately, persistently directed against a particular target

Question 25

What are the different parenting styles?

Answer 25

1. Authoritarian
2. Permissive/Indulgent
3. Authoritative
4. Neglectful or Uninvolved

Question 25

Authoritarian

Answer 25

emphasizes control and unquestioning obedience, high control, low responsiveness

Question 26

Permissive/Indulgent

Answer 26

make few demands, warm, noncontrolling, low control, high responsiveness

Question 27

Authoritative

Answer 27

emphasizes child’s individuality but also stress limits, high control, high responsiveness

Question 28

Neglectful or Uninvolved

Answer 28

parents neglect children; low control, low responsiveness

Question 29

Altruism

Answer 29

motivation to help another person with no expectation of reward

Question 30

Prosocial Behavior

Answer 30

voluntary, positive actions to help others

Question 31

Instrumental Aggression

Answer 31

used aggression as a tool to gain access to a wanted object

Question 32

Overt (Direct) Aggression

Answer 32

boys; tend to openly direct aggressive acts at a target

Question 33

Relational Aggression

Answer 33

more subtle; indirect social aggression

Question 34

Retaliatory Aggression

Answer 34

to get revenge