Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUR211 > Module 3 part 1 > Flashcards

Module 3 part 1 Flashcards

Nutrition

1
Q

planned weight loss goal

A

500 caloric def. daily
Will lose 1 lb per week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Unplanned parameters

whats moderate?
whats severe?

A
  • 5% in a month
  • 10% in 6 months
  • 11-19% moderate protein-calorie
  • 20%+ severe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is overnutrition

A
  • eat more calories than burn.
  • 500 per day excess will gain 1 lb in a week
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how many calories is 1 lb of fat

A

3,500 calories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define malnutrition

A

undernutrition (stunting, wasting, underweight, micronut def) and overnutrition (overweight/obese).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Individuals at risk for undernutrition

A
  • Alcoholics
  • Behavioral/mental health issues
  • Children
  • Chronically/acutely ill individuals
    * Decreased cognitive function
  • Elderly
  • Illiterate individuals
  • Individuals with disabilities
  • Individuals who lack financial means
    ** Traumatic brain injury**
  • Substance abusers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a diagnosis of malnutrition:

A
  1. Low energy intake.
  2. Weight loss.
  3. Loss of muscle mass.
  4. Loss of subcutaneous fat.
  5. Fluid accumulation.
  6. Diminished hand grip strength.
    If the individual has at least two of the five criteria, a diagnosis of malnutrition can be made
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If you have malnutrition, what happens to your body?

A

higher risk for disease/illness, delayed healing, poorer functional status, recovery, and a lower survival rate.

-you have less energy reserves so this makes sense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What test is ordered when someone has caloric deficit?

A

CBC to test for anemia, lipid disorders and nutritional status

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

RBC refresher:

What is hematocrit, MCV, MCH, RDW, platelet count, RBC count, hemoglobin?

A
  • hematocrit is #/100 (%) proportion of blood that is rbcs
  • MCV is size of rbc - low if not much hemoglobin or iron to fill the rbc up, or some kind of spleen chomping it issue
  • MCH is avg hemoglobin in the average red cell. not the AMOUNT of hemoglobin.
  • RDW is how diverse the sizes of rbc are
  • platelet count (thrombocytes)
  • RBC count is the AMOUNT of RBCs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what vitamen is folate

A

FOLATE = green folgate
B9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where is folate absorbed

A

Intestine and liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is ferritin made

A
  • liver, spleen, bone marrow
  • storage should be equal to circulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Prealbumin is what? What is serum albumin significance

A
  • prealbumin is produced by the liver. used to assess protein def.
  • Serum albumin measures protein found in the blood LONG TERM
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What program can deliver meals

A

Meals on Wheels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

cushings disease process

A

high cortisol
gain a lot of fat/weight in the belly and upper back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Anorexia, Ageusia, Dysgeusia definitions

A
  • Anorexia is a decreased appetite.
  • Ageusia is the absence of taste.
  • Dysgeusia refers to the presence of a metallic, rancid, or foul taste in the mouth.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the most common food allergies

A

nuts, fish, milk, eggs, soy products, and wheat.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Whats the most common intolerance

A

lactose

20
Q

is gluten free an allergy or intolerance

A

intolerance

no wheat, barley, or rye

21
Q

Explain The Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST)

A

a brief screening by a nurse. if positive, notify MD for dietician referral

Have you lost weight without trying? How much? Decreased appetite?

0 or 1 no risk but repeat weekly
2+ at risk and immediately intervere w/ nutritionist consult

22
Q

Nutrition history, vs 24 hr recall, vs 3 d diary

A
  • 3 d diary is more accurate
  • 24 h recall sometimes hard to rememeber
    *24 h recall is subject to recall bias whereas the 3 d diary is recorded right after they eat
23
Q

assessment through direct observation

A
  1. Observe the patient eating during mealtime.
  2. Note if the patient is having any difficulty swallowing or feeding himself or herself.
  3. Document the percentage (0 through 100 percent) of the meal eaten.

normal is 75% of food eaten or more!

24
Q

can BMI be a health indicator alone?

A

no. must take diet, physical activity, and family history

25
Q

what is a stadiometer

A

measures height

26
Q

what is a normal BMI

A

18.5 to 24.9

27
Q

obese bmi?
overweight bmi?
underweight bmi?

A

BMI < 18.5: Underweight range.
BMI ≥ 25 to 29.9: Overweight range.
BMI ≥ 30: Obese range.

28
Q

Classes of obestiy

A

Class 1: BMI of 30 to < 35.
Class 2: BMI of 35 to < 40.
Class 3: BMI of 40 or higher. Class 3 obesity is sometimes categorized as “extreme” or “severe” obesity

29
Q

Name a few anthropometric measurements

A

height, weight, BMI, abdominal circumference, waist to hip ratio, mid upper arm circumference

30
Q

abdominal circumference procedure steps

A
  1. Stand in front of the patient and palpate the right hip (right ilium) at the top of the right iliac crest to identify the greatest diameter of the abdomen.
  2. Place the tape measure around the bare abdomen at the level of the iliac crest, which should also be close to the level of the navel (Fig. 4-5).
  3. Pull the tape measure snugly around the abdomen.
  4. Take the measurement after the patient breathes normally out
    (end of expiration).
  5. Document the measurement.
31
Q

normal and abnormal abdominal circumference for males and females

A

Normal is
Males: 40 inches or less
Females 35 inches or less

32
Q

danger of abdominal fat?

A

CVD risk factor in adults because it indicates fat deposition on the organs (visceral fat)

33
Q

Waist to hip ratio procedure steps

A
  1. Place tape measure around the narrowest area of the waist between the hips and the 11th rib (Fig. 4-6).
  2. Take measurement after a normal breath at the end of expiration.
  3. Record the measurement in inches or centimeters.
  4. Place the tape measure around the widest point of the hips (Fig.
    4-6).
  5. Record the measurement in inches or centimeters.
  6. Calculate the waist-to-hip measurement by dividing the waist
    measurement by the hip measurement.

waist is over hip

also measures central distribution of fat

this goes one step further than abdominal circumference. it gets the ratio to the hip as well.

34
Q

normal and abnormal findings for waist to hip ratio

A

NORMAL FINDINGS
Men: Waist ≤ 40 inches (102 cm), WHR ≤ 0.95. cant be more than this

Women: Waist ≤ 35 inches (88 cm), WHR ≤ 0.80. cant be more than this

35
Q

whats better, pear shape, or apple shape?

A

pear. pear indicates gluteal femoral obesity.

apple indicates abdominal obesity. more indicative of CVD risk

36
Q

Mid upper arm circumference procedure

A
  1. Place the patient in an upright sitting or standing position.
    If the patient is unable to sit or stand, the MUAC may be
    taken in the laying position.
  2. Remove clothing from the nondominant arm.
  3. Ask the patient to bend the nondominant arm.
  4. Using the measuring tape, measure from the top of the shoulder
    (acromion process) to the tip of the elbow (olecranon process)
    (Fig. 4-9A).
  5. Identify the mid-point of measurement and mark the arm at this
    point.
  6. Ask the patient to allow his or her arm to hang by his or her side.
    Measure the arm at the mid-point mark making sure the tape
    measure is snug but not tight (Fig. 4-9B).
  7. Document the measurement in centimeters (cm).
37
Q

What is the point of measuring arm circumference and what are normal findings

A

its an alternative to other measurements if the patient is too immobile or ill. Its used to measure skeletal muscle mass and 50% of protein in the body.

  • 50 percent of the protein stores are in the muscle tissue.
    *indicator of nutritional status
    *can be taken laying down
38
Q

Can the patient still eat food that their culture likes

A

yes
try to tailor the diet around it

39
Q

Myplate vs Healthy eating plate

A

healthy eating plate was dev. by harvord school of public health. expands on myplate.

myplate was from USDA (US dept of agriculte)

40
Q

proportion of weight due to water?

A

60%

41
Q

A higher specific gravity indicates…

A

….more concentrated urine…

and the body is holding onto water so its thirsty.

41
Q

Which electrolytes are imbalanced when someone is dehydrated? and lab values

A

BUN elevated
Na, Cl, K abnormal
CBC
hematocrit elevated

42
Q

One liter is how many kg? How many lbs?

A

1 L = 1 kg
1 L = 2.2 lbs
1 kg = 2.2 lbs

43
Q

A

Symptoms of dehydration

A
  • Dry mouth and mucous membranes Irritability or confusion (brain needs water)
  • Headache
  • Dizziness (not enough blood circulation to reach brain)
  • Decreased urine output
  • Darker urine color
  • ** Fever** (body can’t cool down)
44
Q

Besides the obvious patient education, what about exercise?

A
  • Strength training: Do strength training exercises for all major muscle groups at least two times a week.
  • Aerobic activity: Get at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity a week, or a combination of moderate and vigorous activity. The guidelines suggest that you spread out this exercise during the course of a week.
45
Q
A

NUR211 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions