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MH701 Psychopharmacology > Module 3: Anxiolytics & Hypnotics > Flashcards

Module 3: Anxiolytics & Hypnotics Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical localization of fear

A

basolateral, central, and medial nuclei of amygdala

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2
Q

Anatomical localization of anxiety

A

basolateral amygdala projections to bed nucleus of stria terminalis

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3
Q

Two drugs approved by FDA for panic disorder

A

Alprazolam (Xanax)

paroxetine (Paxil)

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4
Q

Approved for GAD and useful in panic disorder combined with depression

A

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

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5
Q

First-line treatment for OCD

A 
SSRIs - 
Prozac 
Zoloft
Luvox
Paxil
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6
Q

Therapy techniques for OCD

A

Thought stopping

Saturation therapy

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7
Q

First-line treatment for PTSD

A

Zoloft

Paxil

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8
Q

A second consideration for PTSD

A

Buspar

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9
Q

What two TCAs have been shown to be effective in PTSD

A

Imipramine (Tofranil)

amitriptyline (Elavil)

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10
Q

How long should a trial of TCAs go on for treatment of PTSD?

A

8 weeks

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11
Q

Used as a first-line treatment for nightmares associated with PTSD

A

Prazosin (MiniPress)

Alpha-1 adrenergic blocker

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12
Q

Affect of Prazosin to decrease nightmares

A

Blocks adrenaline

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13
Q

Acts as agonist on benzodiazepine site of the GABA-a receptor

A

Zolpidem (Ambien)

Eszopiclone (Lunesta)

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14
Q

Approved for long-term use of anxiety

A

Lunesta

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15
Q

first-line treatment for most anxiety disorders

A

SSRIs

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16
Q

An azapirone effective in the treatment of GAD

A

Buspirone (BuSpar)

17
Q

Used for performance anxiety or social anxiety

A

Beta blockers (Propranolol)

18
Q

symptoms of GAD

A

Concentration, fatigue, arousal, muscle tension, irritability, sleep

19
Q

symptoms of panic disorder

A

phobic avoidance, unexpected panic attacks

20
Q

symptoms of Social Anxiety Disorder

A

Phobic avoidance/behavior change, expected panic attacks

21
Q

symptoms of PTSD

A

sleep, arousal, avoidance

22
Q

Fear center in the brain

A

amygdala

23
Q

core symptoms of anxiety disorders

A

Fear, Worry

24
Q

Worry loop in the brain

A

Cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit

25
Q

avoidance pathway in brain (motor responses)

A

periaqueductal gray area (PAG)
fight/flight
freeze

26
Q

pathway of fear response in the brain

A

amygdala to

Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)

27
Q

endocrine output of fear pathway in the brain

A

amygdala to hypothalamus

28
Q

CYP enzymes in psychiatry

A

1A2
2D6
3A4
2C19 (sometimes)

29
Q

Respiratory pathway in the brain in response to fear

A

amygdala to Parabrachial nucleus

30
Q

Symptoms of respiratory response to fear

A

Increase respiratory rate, shortness of breath, asthma

MH701 Psychopharmacology (19 decks)

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