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Kin 2Y03 > Module 24 - Bone Tissue > Flashcards

Module 24 - Bone Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

give the classification of bone tissue

A

Organization of collagen fibres within the bone matrix

Woven Bone
Randomly oriented collagen fibres (development and repair)
Remodeled

Lamellar Bone
Mature bone organized in sheets or layers (lamellae)

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2
Q

give the types of lamellar bone

A

spongy (or cancellous or trabecular) bone and compact (or cortical) bone

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3
Q

describe spongy bone

A

provides strength without extra mass, smooth outside because of compact bone

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4
Q

describe compact bone

A
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5
Q

what is trabeculae

A

connecting rods or plates in spongy bone

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6
Q

describe spongy bone

A
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7
Q
A
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8
Q
A
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9
Q

From distal to proximal, describe the compact/cortical bone

A

medullary cavity > spongy bone > compact bone > periosteum

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10
Q

list the different lamellae

A

interstitial, outer/inner circumferential, concentric lamellae

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11
Q

in compact bone, the blood goes through the…

A

perforating and central canals

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12
Q

what are the 2 components of the periosteum? describe them.

A

Inner Osteogenic Layer: Contains osteoblasts and osteoprogenitor cells; responsible for bone growth, repair, and remodeling; located close to the bone surface.

Outer Fibrous Layer: Made of dense, tough connective tissue; provides attachment for tendons and ligaments; protects the bone and connects it to surrounding structures.

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13
Q

differentiate outer and inner circumferential lamellae

A

Outer Circumferential Lamellae: Located around the outer perimeter of the bone, just beneath the periosteum; provide structural support to the entire bone.

Inner Circumferential Lamellae: Located near the inner surface of the bone, adjacent to the endosteum; support the inner cavity of the bone.

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14
Q

what is concentric lamellae

A

Concentric Lamellae: Circular layers surrounding each osteon (central canal); provide strength to resist twisting and bending.

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15
Q

what is interstitial lamellae

A

Interstitial Lamellae: Irregularly shaped layers filling spaces between osteons; remnants of old osteons broken down during bone remodeling.

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16
Q

central or haversian canals are ________ to long axis

A

parallel

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17
Q

what is lamellae

A

rings of calcified matrix

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18
Q

central canals are connected by _____ canals

A

perforating/Volkmann

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19
Q

the endosteum lines the _____

A

medullary cavity

20
Q

the periosteum is the ____ layer while the endosteum is the ___ layer

A

outer, inner

21
Q
A

The central (Haversian) canals are unique to compact bone, as they run through osteons to provide blood and nutrients, a feature not present in the spongy (cancellous) bone structure.

Osteons are NOT found in spongy/cancellous bones

22
Q
A
23
Q

what is an osteon

A

An osteon is the basic structural unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric layers of calcified matrix (lamellae) arranged around a central (Haversian) canal. This canal contains blood vessels and nerves, providing nutrients and support to bone cells (osteocytes) within the osteon.

24
Q

in a long bone, the shaft is called the…

A

diaphysis

25
Q

in a long bone, the end of the bone is called the…

A

epiphysis

26
Q

in a long bone, what is between the epiphysis and the diaphysis

A

metaphysis

27
Q

what is the epiphyseal plate

A

Hyaline cartilage - present until growth stops.

The epiphyseal plate, also known as the growth plate, is a layer of cartilage found at the ends of long bones in children and adolescents. It allows bones to grow in length and eventually hardens into solid bone once growth is complete.

28
Q

what is the medullary cavity in long bones

A

children - red marrow
Maturation - changes to yellow marrow in long bones and skull (except for proximal epiphyses of long bones)

29
Q

how do bones develop

A

through osteogenesis or ossification

30
Q

how do bones begin their development

A

Begins in embryo at ~8 weeks : mesenchyme becomes osteochondral progenitor cells

*due to expansion of blood vessels

31
Q

differentiate intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification

A
32
Q

intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification produce what type of bone

A

woven bone to be remodeled

33
Q
A
34
Q
A
35
Q
A
36
Q
A
37
Q

bone growth doesnt include…

A

interstitial bone growth

38
Q

bone growth has what type of growth

A

appositional growth

39
Q

what is the zone of Resting cartilage

A

Zone of Resting Cartilage: Slowly dividing chondrocytes

40
Q

what is the zone of proliferation

A

Zone of Proliferation: New cartilage is produced on the epiphyseal side of the plate as the chondrocytes divide and form stacks of cells

41
Q

what is the zone of hypertrophy

A

Zone of Hypertrophy:
Chondrocytes mature
and enlarge

42
Q

what is the zone of calcification

A

Zone of Calcification: Matrix is calcified, and chondrocytes die

43
Q

what is an ossified bone

A

Ossified bone: The cartilage on the diaphyseal side of the plate is replaced by bone.

44
Q

explain growth in bone thickness

A
45
Q

explain bone remodeling

A

Kin 2Y03 (12 decks)

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