Module 1 - Terminology and the Body Plan Flashcards
Describe the anatomical position
body erect, face forward, feet together, palms face forward
what is the difference between supine and prone
supine: lying face upward
prone: lying face downwards
what does cephalic mean? what about caudal
cephalic = superior = toward head
caudal = inferior = away from head
what is medial and lateral
relative to midline, medial towards mid line, lateral way from midline
what is proximal and distal
proximal = close to origin, distal = away from origin
what is superficial and deep
superficial = close to surface, deep = further from surface
what is anterior/ventral and posterior/dorsal
anterior = ventral = from torso outwards
posterior = dorsal - from back outwards
what makes up the head
frontal/forehead, orbital/eyes, nasal/nose, oral/mouth
what makes up the neck
cervical
what makes up the trunk
thoracic (thorax), abdomen and pelvis
what makes up the thoracic (thorax)
pectoral/chest, sternal/breastbone, mammary/breast
what makes up the abdomen
abdominal/abdomen, umbilical/navel
what makes up the pelvis
pelvic/pelvis, inguinal/groin, pubic/genital
what is another word for:
ear
cheek
mental
ear = otic
cheek = buccal
mental = chin
what makes up the upper limb
clavicular/collarbone, axillary/armpit, brachial/arm, antecubital/front of elbow, antebrachial/forearm, manual/hand, carpal/wrist
what makes up the manual/hand
palmar/palm, digital/fingers
what makes up the lower limb
coral/hip, femoral/thigh, patellar/kneecap, crura/leg, pedal/foot
what makes up the pedal/foot
talus/ankle, dorsum/top of foot, digital/toes
fill in the blank:
shoulder to finger =
shoulder to elbow =
elbow to wrist =
shoulder to finger = upper limb
shoulder to elbow = arm
elbow to wrist = forearm
fill in the blank:
hip to foot =
hip to knee =
knee to ankle =
hip to foot = lower limb
hip to knee = thigh
knee to ankle = leg
true or false: the toes are part of the leg
false, the leg is from the knee to the ankles
what is the base of the skull called?
occipital
what is the back of the neck called
nuchal
what is the area between the hips called
the sacral
what is the anatomical word for shoulder blades
scapular
what is the loin/lumbar region?
In humans, the term “loin” or “loins” refers to the portion of the body below the rib cage and just above the pelvis. This term is frequently used for the segment below the ribs
what is the acromial region
the shoulder
what is the olecranon
The olecranon is the part of the ulna that cups the lower end of the humerus, creating a hinge for elbow movement.
what is the function of a diaphragm
divides body cavities into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
what does the thoracic cavity include? what about the mediastinum?
primary lungs and heart. the mediastinum contains all the structures except the lungs.
what does the abdominal cavity include?
stomach, kidneys, intestines, liver, spleen, pancreas
what does the pelvic cavity include?
urinary bladder, part of the large intestine, reproductive organs
what is the function of the serous membrane?
cover the organs of trunk cavities and lines the cavity. cavities are filled with lubricating fluid produced by the membranes
what is the inner and outer layers of the serous membrane
inner = visceral serous membrane
outer = parietal serous membrane
what is the serous membrane around the heart
pericardium
what is the serous membrane around the lungs
pleura
what is the serous membrane around the organs of the abdominal cavity
peritoneum
what is the double layer of the peritoneum called?
mesentery
