Module 2 Lecture 18 Flashcards
Other Measures of SEP in NZ
- Housing: Tenure and Conditions
- Culture: Accepted patterns or norms behaviour in society
- Population based services and facilities
- Social Capital
Deprivation
A state of observable and demonstrable disadvantage relative to the local community or the wider society or nation to which an individual, family or group belongs
Measuring neighbourhood deprivation
A way of measuring people’s relative position in society
Appropriate uses of NZDep 2013
- Planning and resource allocation
- Research e.g. looks at association between deprivation and education
- Advocacy
Appropriate interpretation of NZDep 2013
“People living in the most deprived neighbourhoods…”
The Ecological Fallacy
The error that arises when information about groups is used to make inferences about individuals
Healthy Environment
The physical, social or political setting(s) that prevent disease while enhancing human health and well-being
Built Environment
All the buildings, spaces and products that are created or at least significantly modified by people including structures and urban design
Variables Included in NZDep 2013
Communication, Income, Income, Employment, Qualifications, Owned Home, Support, Living Space, Transport
How can the Built Environment be measured?
- Measures are often context specific
- Urban Density
- Land-use mix
- Street connectivity
- Community resources
How does street connectivity improve health
- Interconnectivity of road using a gird like pattern: reduces distance between destination encouraging “Active Transport”
- Traffic calming and other street design features such a street width, cycle lanes, pedestrian crossing etc. : Facilities that encourage walking and cycling
How does land-use mix improve health
- Food retail i.e. accessible supermarkets and local food stores which provide a nutritious range at a competitive price
- Mix of residential, commercial and business uses so that there is a range of land use in any given zone which increases opportunities for active transport
- Public open spaces and physical activity spaces in close proximity to residents, increasing opportunities for physical activity
How does housing density improve health
Increasing the number of residential and commercial premises in an area increases active transport
How does site design improve health
- Food Production: home/community gardens which give cheap and fresh produce that may also provide mental health and educational benefits
- Street Aesthetics i.e. adequate lighting, clean parks and provision of public transport and facilities: Improves safety and creating an environment that promotes active transport and well being
How does transport planning improve health
- Improve/develop public transport systems by increasing bus stops, cycling facilities and access to public transport thus increasing active transport
