Module 2 Lecture 13

Question 1

Socio-Economic Position

Answer 1

The social and economic factors that influence what positions individuals or groups hold within the structure of a society

Question 2

Determinants of SEP must be…

Answer 2

objective, measurable and meaningful

Question 3

SEP can also be referred to as…

Answer 3

Socio-Economic Status, Social Class, Social Stratification, Socio-Economic Background

Question 4

Why measure SEP?

Answer 4

• quantify levels of inequality within or between societies
• highlight changes to population structures over time
• are needed to help understand relationship between health and other social variables
• have been associated with health and life chances for as long as social groups have existed
• so groups can be standardised by SEP

Question 5

Ways income is measured in surveys

Answer 5

Personal Income: Absolute and Categorical Measures

Household Income: Useful indicator for women, should be standardised

Question 6

NZ Census Mortality Study trends

Answer 6

• Decreases over time
• Higher for lower income
• Gap between income levels is smaller for female

Question 7

Preston Curve trends

Answer 7

• LE vs GDP in countries

- Curve with decreasing gradient

Question 8

Measures of Income

Answer 8

• Most direct measure of access to material resources aspect of SEP
• Dose response association with health: more money = better health outcome
• Cumulative effect over life course: more money = more opportunities
• Greatest potential to change over a short period of time

Question 9

Measures of Education

Answer 9

• Attempts to measure knowledge-related assets of an individual
• Continuous or Categorical Variable
• Transition from parent’s SEP to personal SEP
• Easy to obtain, good response rate nd relevant to all age groups
• Associated with ability to respond to health promotion messages
• Problems include Cohort effects and different standards of education in different countries

Question 10

Measures of Occupation

Answer 10

• Jobs grouped by potential income or SEP (NZSEI)
• Can be measured as current, longest held or parents occupation
• Occupation is transferable (head of household)
• Associated with income
• Reflects social standing
• Experience occupational or social mobility over life course
• Impacts on social networks, Psychosocial effects and occupational exposure to environmental risks

Question 11

NZSEI groups and smoking

Answer 11

Higher the number of NZSEI score (lower grouping) higher the smoking pervalance

Question 12

Not in Education, Employment or Training

Answer 12

• considers ideal pathways for school leavers at different levels of achievement
• NEET is not used to describe identity of individual or group but their situation or social status