Module 2 Flashcards
What are the layers of the skin?
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
What’s the difference between thick and thin skin?
Thick- areas of large amounts of abrasion, lucidum layer, increased amount of keratin
What are the functions of epidermal ridges and furrows?
Increases ability to resist abrasion and friction
What are the layers of the epidermis and their characteristics?
Basal- columnar cells on basement membrane, hemidesmosomes provide anchor
Spinosum- polyhedral cells, elongated spines (desmosomes bond the cells)
Granulosum- flattened cells filled with keratin-filled granules
Lucidum- thick skin, keratin in cell membrane
Corneum- layers of keratin, no organelles
What specialized cells are present in the epidermis and what are their functions?
Melanocytes- produce melanin granules to protect from UV, in basal layer
Langerhans cells- APC (immunity), in spinosum layer
Merkel cells- sensory receptors for touch, in basal layer
What are the layers of the dermis and their characteristics?
Papillary- thin, fibrocollagenous support tissue
Reticular- dense, fibrocollagenous support tissues, nerve endings, vessels, lymphatics, skin appendages
What is the purpose of the hypodermis?
Attaches the skin to the fascia and muscles and bone
What structures are hair follicles associated with?
Arrector pilli
Sebaceous glands
What type of glands are sebaceous glands?
Holocrine
Simple
Branched
Acinar
What type of glands are erricrine/merocrine sweat glands?
Simple
Cuboidal
Tubular
What are the differences between the ducts and secretory portions of erricrine/merocrine sweat glands?
Ducts- stratified cuboidal
Secretory portion- large cuboidal or simple columnar epithelium
What are the functions of skin?
Protection
Sensation
Thermoregulation
Metabolic functions
What are the differences between the secretory portions and ducts of apocrine sweat glands?
Secretory portions- simple cuboidal epithelium
Duct- stratified cuboidal epithelium
What kind of bed does a nail sit on?
Stratified squamous epithelium
