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psy 1102 > module 12 : personality > Flashcards

module 12 : personality Flashcards

1
Q

personality

A

an enduring set of internal characteristics that produce uniqueness and consistency in the way one acts

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2
Q

psychodynamic perspectives

A

Freud
Neo freudian :
Jung
Adler
Horney

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3
Q

Freuds patients

A

all girls having “nervous disorders”
Hysteria : “uterus”

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4
Q

Freuds ice berg model

A

conscious
preconscious
unconscious

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5
Q

conscious

A

what we are aware of

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6
Q

preconscious

A

normally unaware, we can retrieve this information from memories

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7
Q

unconscious

A

most influential part, needs special techniques to access them

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8
Q

tools to access unconscious

A

hypnosis
free association
dream analysis

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9
Q

free association

A

freely share our feelings, thoughts, emotions
Therapy

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10
Q

dream analysis

A

manifest content : what the dreamer remembers
latent content : reflexion of true feelings, underlying meaning

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11
Q

id

A

how I want to behave
Pleasure principle
- sexual and agressive urges
- animalistic
- basic human needs

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12
Q

ego

A

how do I behave
Reality principle
- mediates between id and superego
- how to express id in a socially acceptable matter

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13
Q

superego

A

how should i behave
Based on morality
- compass of what’s right and wrong
- ego ideal and consciousness (pride and shame)

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14
Q

eros

A

sexual urges

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15
Q

thanatos

A

agressive impulses

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16
Q

reality anxiety

A

concerns real life danger (ego)

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17
Q

moral anxiety

A

when superego is alerted to possibly violate moral code

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18
Q

neurotic anxiety

A

concerns ego might be aware of id might start acting up

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19
Q

repression

A

sexual assault
- forget all details

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20
Q

reaction formation

A

when a closed gay tries to hide behind homophobia

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21
Q

projection

A

pretending everyone else cheated too to feel better about myself

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22
Q

regression

A

reacting in a way you would in earlier stage (throwing a fit)

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23
Q

sublimation

A

transforming unacceptable impulses into something socially acceptable (kink doctor)

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24
Q

denial

A

refusing the obvious truth

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25
rationalization
trying to justify unacceptable actions
26
displacement
takes out anger on someone else
27
5 stages : psychosexual
oral anal phallic latency genital
28
oral
pleasure comes from mouth
29
anal
pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder
30
phallic
pleasure zone is genitals
31
latency
dominant sexual feelings
32
genital
maturation of sexual interests
33
evaluating freud
his study was bias when who were seeking help "unhealthy personalities"
34
Jung's analytic perspective
collective unconscious and archetypes
35
collective unconscious
memories and experiences are interconnected though past experiences to other individuals across generations and locations
36
archetypes
universals thoughts patterns ans behaviours triggered by specific situations 3 (types)
37
persona
act to get along with others (super ego)
38
shadow
more dark and primitive side of personality (id)
39
self
most important, unites other aspects of personality (ego)
40
Adlers individual perspecticve
Social interest Supuority vs inferiority complex (when can't complete stage of development) Personal achievement
41
Horneys interpersonal perspective
social security, basic anxiety, basic hostility, moving forward, against, away
42
social security
feeling safe and love by the people surrounding us
43
basic anxiety
don't feel safe or loved in their social circle
44
basic hostility
emerges when they believe that significant other is not helping to create secure environment
45
moving toward people
speaking and behaving in a way people with like and take care of them
46
moving away from people
withdraw emotions in hopes that others not be able to harm them
47
moving against people
hurt them before they hurt me
48
evaluating Neo-freudian perspective
- their theories are non-testable - they expended freud theory into Anthropologie (Jung) and social (Horney) - learn about unconscious
49
Humanistic perspective
Maslow Rogers
50
Maslow motivational perspective
the hierarchy of needs : self-actualization esteem love/belonging safety physiological
51
physiological
house, sleep, food, sexual
52
safety
work, property, health, family
53
love/belonging
friendship, family, intimacy
54
esteem
self- esteem, respect by others
55
self-actualization
to reach full potential
56
rogers self theory
self-concept self-esteem conditional positive regard unconditional positive regard
57
self-concept
how one perceives their own characteristics, skills, qualities, and abilities
58
self-esteem
how a person positively or negatively vine themselves based on their evaluation on themselves based on life experience
59
conditional positive regard
placing limits on the acceptance of a person
60
unconditional positive regard
acceptance no matter what
61
evaluating humanistic perspectives
- more positive, encourages self improvement - questioning the pyramid because everyones socioeconomic needs are different
62
social cognitive perspective
Bandura Rotter Gratification
63
banduras self-systems
- self system : is a "set of cognitive tools" that people use to observe, evaluate, regulate they behaviours in different situations - self efficacy: people evaluate their own performances
64
rotters social learning perspective
locus control : in what degree an individual know what they can and can't control (or if its outside forces)
65
internal locus control
they believe they are in control of their lives (better adjusted)
66
external locus control
they believe they lack control of all events Learn helplessness : everything that happens is out of their control, they cant prevent anything
67
the delay of gratification
small quick, or longer but bigger
68
evaluating the social cognitive perspective
- when watts redid research, they didn't consider the social context of the individual - learn conscious awareness
69
biological perspective
- behavioural genetics - neurological - evolutionary
70
behavioural genetics perspective
considers situational variables (socio-economic status) - concordance rate : the degree in which characteristics, traits, or disease occurs in one twin to another
71
concordance rate : mono
r= .47
72
concordance rate : diz
r= .21
73
neurological perspective
- physiological factors (hormones and transmitters) - brain activity (arousal and inhibition)
74
serotonin
associated with thrill seeking activities - sensation seekers : desire to take greater and greater risks
75
ascending reticular activating system (ARAS)
regulates brain arousal - Introverts vs extroverts
76
evolutionary perspective
adaptive responses - survival and reproduction
77
survival
- consciousness : health promotion vs risk - optimism : more likely to have fewer symptoms (feeling in control = better immune system)
78
reproduction
FII (functionally Infertile Individual) - functionally infertile, but behaves agains sexual acts
79
evaluating biological perspective
our behaviour have been shaped with evolution
80
the trait perspective
seek to identify what trait compromise personality (enduring) - Eysenck 3 factor - 5 factor
81
Eysenck 3-factor theory
PEN - psychoticism - impulse control - extraversion -introversion - neuroticism - emotionally stable
82
5 factor model
OCEAN - openness - consciouness - extraversion - agreeableness - neuroticism
83
evaluation of the trait perspective
- traits can be differentiate between people, but personality can be measured on continuum - personality test do not predict behaviours well
84
methods for measuring
- personal interviews - observational assessment techniques - projective technique - psychophysiological assessment techniques
85
observational assessment techniques
- behavioural observations - self monitoring - thought sampling techniques
86
objective self-report technique
fixed format MMPI test
87
projective techniques
projective test (lack of reliability, provide verbal material) - association technique - construction technique
88
psychophysiological assesment technique
- electrophysiological measures : heartbeat, muscles tension, sweat ... - biochemical measures : hormones - EEG (cortical activity) - MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)

psy 1102 (8 decks)

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