MODULE 10 - Project Coordination

Question 1

Who are stakeholders in a project?

Answer 1

the client, interior designer, and vendors for most situations

Question 2

What is a direct stakeholder?

Answer 2

Those directly associated or involved in the project, like the project manager.

Question 3

What is an indirect stakeholder?

Answer 3

Those indirectly associated with the project, including support staff.

Question 4

What is a negative stakeholder?

Answer 4

Those who are likely to have a detrimental impact on a project. These people may not be directly involved in a project but are still affected by it.

Question 5

What is a positive stakeholder?

Answer 5

Those who are likely to have a favorable impact on a project and stand to gain from the project’s success. They are often the direct stakeholders.

Question 6

What is project management?

Answer 6

Management of project budget, contracts, schedule, consultants, staffing, resources, and general business practices. Establish contractually independent relationships to coordinate with, and/or hire allied design professionals and consultants.”

Question 7

What 3 managing factors are involved in any design project?

Answer 7

cost
time
quality

Question 8

What do consultant contracts typically specify?

Answer 8

• Start/completion dates of project
• estimate of hours reqd for project
• Fee arrangements
• How additional work or changes will be addressed
• Payment schedules
• Support provided, including office space, time, staff

Question 9

What are general contractors, and field superintendents?

Answer 9

A general contractor (GC) is the firm that builds the project and is responsible for structural work. A project manager leads the GC and is supported by a field superintendent. The general contractor chooses the companies that bid on and execute the project.

Question 10

What are two ways designers can manage costs of a project?

Answer 10

value engineering
alternates

Question 11

What is an add alternate?

Answer 11

Add alternates should be used for aspects of the project that the owner considers desirable but not essential.

Question 12

What is a deduct alternate?

Answer 12

Deduct alternates are a way to build controlled cost-cutting into the construction documents. Deduct alternates are areas of the project that can be priced as stand-alone objects.
If the lowest bid is beyond the owner’s budget, they can cut one or more deduct alternates to reduce the costs. They can choose to deduct either:
non-essential stand alone items
alternate products or construction elements

Question 13

What is project tracking?

Answer 13

Project Tracking is a method for following the progress (or lack thereof) of activities involved in projects. Potential issues can be spotted and solved by team members and leaders.

Question 14

What are the design phases?

Answer 14

Pre-design
Programming
Schematic Design
Design Development
Contract Documents
Bidding/Tendering
Contract Administration
Project Conclusion

Question 15

What do deliverables include?

Answer 15

Deliverables include the documents and client presentation materials that explain design concepts. They also include tangible design products like construction documents, specifications, other contract or project documents.

Question 16

What is a full wall schedule?

Answer 16

involves all members of the design and construction team, including the client, to create an interactive and collaborative schedule that all members can adjust as needed until all parties are in agreement. At that point, the schedule can then be copied down to a smaller format and shared by all members of the team.

Question 17

What are project goals?

Answer 17

understand, document, and confirm the client’s and stakeholders’ goals and objectives, including design outcomes, space needs, project budget, and needs for specific or measurable outcomes.

Question 18

What are the 3 phases of the design process?

Answer 18

1. analysis - problem is identified, researched, dissected, and analyzed.
2. synthesis - where the parts are pulled together to form a solution and develop your design intentions.
3. implementation

Question 19

What is a transmittal?

Answer 19

• Transmittals accompany all correspondence between the designer, consultants, contractors, and others involved with a project.
• should be attached to shop drawings, letters, prints, change in work orders, plans, and samples.
• for anything needing a comment, approval, or request.

Question 20

What 3 scenarios warrant an RFI?

Answer 20

1. When someone needs further information or clarification
2. When someone proposes a substitution or an alteration
3. When someone identifies a problem or deficiency

Question 21

What is a purchase order?

Answer 21

buyers send it to sellers to document the sale of products and services delivered at a later date

PO allows buyers to place an order without immediately making a payment.

Question 22

What information does a PO include?

Answer 22

• purchasers name and address
• supplier/vendors name and address
• ‘ship to’ location and shipping instructions
• ‘tag for’ information including optional product or client name
• information about items being purchased (qty, product #, description, net price)

Question 23

In a purchase order process, the vendor creates a ___________ when the goods are shipped, and later the vendor provides an _____ as a bill for the supplied items

Answer 23

bill of lading
invoice

Question 24

What is a change order?

Answer 24

A change or modification made after the contract is awarded should be documented with a change order.

Question 25

What is a change directive?

Answer 25

directs the contractor to proceed with changes in work when the owner and contractor have not yet agreed on the change in the contract sum or contract time. The purpose of the CCD is to expedite the changes in work instead of delaying the project.

Question 26

If the contractor disagrees with the CCD, it is referred to as a _______

Answer 26

claim

Question 27

Once the owner and the contractor agree to the terms of the CCD, the architect/designer issues a corresponding __________

Answer 27

change order

Question 28

What are Architects Supplemental Instructions? (ASI)

Answer 28

an order by the architect for a minor change in the work that does not affect the contract sum or time.
can be changes, revisions, or extra information that the designer issues to the contractor. These changes can be of any nature.

Question 29

What is an addenda?

Answer 29

-modifications to the procurement documents issued for bid or negotiation. - issued before the owner-contractor agreement is executed.
-can modify the drawings, the project manual, or both.
-can be issued in response to questions from bidders or to reflect designer or owner-initiated changes.

Question 30

What is a bulletin?

Answer 30

A bulletin is used to issue changes after all bids are submitted. Revisions issued via a bulletin may have a cost impact and become change orders.

Question 31

What does a typical bulletin include?

Answer 31

• Letter of transmittal listing all items sent with the bulletin
• REVISED drawings sheets, not the entire drawing set
• REVISED specifications sheets, not the entire spec book
• Sheet-by-sheet narrative of the changes

Question 32

Who should be present at the final design development presentation for changing the office layout?

Answer 32

design principal, project manager, general contractor, client

Question 33

What is the PRIMARY purpose of meeting minutes, transmittal forms, and memos?

Answer 33

Communicate information to stakeholders during a project.

Question 34

What is the purpose of site visits?

Answer 34

1. Check the progress and quality of work
2. Attempt to guard the owner against defects in work
3. Determine if completed work will meet the expectation indicated in the construction documents

Question 35

The Interior Designer submits a written _______ ____ to the owner after each site visit.

Answer 35

field report

Question 36

After the contract is awarded, the contractor is responsible for submittals. These include what

Answer 36

shop drawings
samples
product data

Question 37

Note that __________ and _________ are generally not considered part of the contract documents.

Answer 37

shop drawings
submittals

Question 38

What are shop drawings?

Answer 38

Shop drawings are the detailed construction drawings prepared by a fabricator or subcontractor. The shop drawings show how particular components will be built. Shop drawings are required for components and products made off-site.

Question 39

When an interior designer reviews shop drawings, it is only for conformance with the design concept and intent expressed in the contract documents. Ultimately the ________ is responsible for determining the accuracy and completeness of dimensions, details, and quantities.

Answer 39

contractor

Question 40

What scale are study models/concept models/working models made at?

Answer 40

1/4” or 1/2” scale

Question 41

What is a mock up?

Answer 41

a physical sample meant to represent a portion of the finished project. Drawings or renderings don’t have the same tangible visual quality as an actual physical sample.

Question 42

How is a prototype different from a mockup?

Answer 42

similar to a mock-up, but it offers the opportunity to test the design.

Question 43

What are five common mock ups you could see on a construction project?

Answer 43

1. Handheld physical samples of material represent the final product.
2. A small amount of work built onsite, an ‘in-situ’ mockup for review and discussion.
3. Table Mockups show the details of a finished component, including fabrication and assembly.
4. A Performance Mockup is a prototype of the finished work for testing compared to the project’s performance standards.
5. Full-scale mock-ups are often constructed for large design projects. It is not unusual for large hotel projects to build full-size model rooms for viewing by investors or owners.

Question 44

What is mixed reality? (VR)

Answer 44

Mixed reality (MR), also called hybrid reality, merges the real and virtual approaches. Digital models mix with the physical world.

Question 45

What is Augmented Reality? (VR)

Answer 45

Augmented reality (AR) animates data, sound, graphics, and video information. It projects these over a live world view.

Question 46

As punch list items have not been completed, the site walk-through is usually conducted before______

Answer 46

the occupant moves in

Question 47

Creating the punch list is part of the__________ official duties in Construction Administration.

Answer 47

contractors

Question 48

A holdback of 5-10% of funds called _______ might be held to complete punch list items.

Answer 48

a retainage

Question 49

Once the punch list is completed and officially released, a ________ can be issued. Upon issuing this, the final application for payment is processed. The designer will review the last payment application from the GC and issue the final _______________

Answer 49

certificate of substantial completion

certificate for payment

Question 50

What is the most common payment schedule for medium to large size projects?

Answer 50

progress payments

Question 51

What are the three types of payment schedules?

Answer 51

time based payments(set dates)
milestone based payments (specific stages)
completion based payments (regular intervals (%))

Question 52

When are invoices sent to suppliers

Answer 52

same time merchandise is shipped

Question 53

How does an application for payment work?

Answer 53

• Issued by the contractor at least 10 days before the agreed-upon payment date
• Includes value of work completed up until the date of the application
• Includes value of any materials purchased and stored but not yet used on the job site
• Retainage (5-10%) is withheld until the entire project is completed and approved by the designer.

Question 54

How does a certificate of payment work?

Answer 54

The consultant or contractor issues an invoice or application for payment to the project manager listing work completed. The project manager either approves or disapproves the application based on the accuracy of the information provided. The project manager then issues certificates of payment to the contractor and consultants.

Question 55

The owner is protected from incomplete work by the contractor by the use of

Answer 55

retainage

Question 56

Upon being notified that a project is ready for closeout, what should the interior designer do?

Answer 56

conduct a punch list

Question 57

Does the punch list, certificate of substantial completion or certificate of occupancy come first?

Answer 57

certificate of occupancy
punch list
certificate of substantial completion

Question 58

What are three ways to conduct a POE?

Answer 58

Survey form completed by users and managers

Observe facility and record problems

Interview users and managers

Question 59

When a firm conducts a POE, the designer should expect to hear some problems and complaints. They should prepare to assist with minor issues, especially soon after the client’s occupancy. These may include:

Answer 59

• Having contractor fix small items not originally included on punch/deficiency list.
• Minor adjustments to furniture, building controls, etc.
• Ensuring the client has all operating and maintenance instructions.
• Ensuring the client has warranties and contact information for service and parts re-order
• Providing copies of professional photographs of the project

Question 60

prior to collecting data for the POE, what should the design team do?

Answer 60

validate the research tools