Module 1: Intro To Pathophysiology Flashcards
When homeostasis is not maintained, what can happen?
Disease may develop
Health is defined by?
Physical, mental, and social well-being
The identification of a specific disease through evaluation of signs and symptoms, lab tests or other tools. More than one factor is usually required to verify…. Is the definition of what?
Diagnosis
Concerns the causative factors in a particular disease…. is the definition of
Etiology
When the cause of a disease unknown, it is called
Idiopathic
Gross level is
Organ or system level
Biopsy involves
Excision of small amounts of living tissue
Iatrogenic means
Error/treatment/procedure may cause the disease.
Prophylaxis
Action taken to prevent disease
Preserve health; prevent spread of disease
Pathogenesis is
Development of the disease
What are the characteristics of an acute disease
Short-term, develops quickly
High fever, severe pain etc.
What are the characteristics of a chronic disease?
Develops gradually
Milder symptoms, often intermitted with acute episodes
What are the characteristics of Subclinical state of a disease?
Pathologic changes, no obvious manifestations
What are the characteristics of a latent state of a disease
No symptoms or clinical signs evident In infectious diseases: incubation period
Characteristics of predromal phase of a disease
Early development of the disease
Signs are nonspecific or absent
Manifestations of a disease
Clinical evidence with signs and symptoms
Local: at site of the problem
Systemic: general indicators of illness, i.e. fever
What are lesions?
A region in an organ or tissue which has suffered damage through injury or disease
(Specific local change in the tissue)
Characteristic of a disease – syndrome
Collection of signs and symptoms
What are predisposing factors?
Tendencies that promote development of a disease in an individual
What is latent state of a disease?
No symptoms or clinical signs evident
Infectious diseases: incubation period
What is prodromal period?
Early development of the disease
Signs are non-specific or absent
What is metaplasia?
Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type
What is dysplasia?
Cells vary in size and shape within a tissue
What is anaplasia?
Undifferentiated cells, with variable nuclear and cell structures
What is Neoplasia?
“New growth” Commonly called tumour
What is necrosis?
Dying cells cause further cell damage due to cellular disintegration
When prolonged ischemia occurs to an area of the heart, the resulting damage is referred to as
Infarction
Rigourous weight lifting/bodybuilding regimens may result in the skeletal muscle cells undergoing what?
Hypertrophy
Ceseation necrosis Refers to an area where
dead cells form a thick cheesy substance
A circumstance that causes a sudden acute episode of a chronic disease to occur is termed
Precipitating factor
