Module 1 - Blood Disorders

Question 1

The production of Red Blood Cells

Answer 1

Erythropoiesis

Question 2

Inadequate supply of oxygen to tissue; leads to erythropoietin production in the kidney

Answer 2

Hypoxia

Question 3

MCV

Answer 3

Mean Corpuscular Volume (Volume or size of RBC)

85-100 fL/cell

Question 4

MCHC

Answer 4

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (Concentration of Hemoglobin - color)
31-35 g/dL

Question 5

MCH

Answer 5

Mean Corpuscular/Cell Hemoglobin (mass of RBCs)

27-34 g/dL

Question 6

Low number of RBCs, low hemoglobin, or low hematocrit indicates _____ resulting in diminished oxygen-carrying capacity

Answer 6

Anemia

Question 7

Decreased production of erythrocytes by the bone marrow

Answer 7

Anemias of Deficient RBC production

Question 8

Anemias of Deficient RBC include:

Answer 8

Iron-Deficiency Anemia

Megaloblastic Anemia (Pernicious Anemia & Folic Acid Deficiencies)

Aplastic Anemia

Question 9

Premature destruction of Red Blood Cells

Answer 9

Hemolytic Anemias

Question 10

Hemolytic Anemias include:

Answer 10

Sickle Cell Disease
Thalassemias
Inherited Enzyme Defects
Acquired Hemolytic Anemias

Question 11

Abnormally high total red blood cell count with a hematocrit greater than 50%

Answer 11

Polycythemia - Primary polycythemia (polycythemia vera)

Question 12

Types of WBCs:

Answer 12

Neutrophils (60-65%) - Band Cells (0-4%)
Lymphocytes (25-33%)
Monocytes (3-7%)
Eosinophils (1-3%)
Basophils (0.3-0.5%)

Question 13

Decrease in absolute number of leukocytes in blood, May affect WBC but most often affects neutrophils

Answer 13

Leukopenia

Question 14

Malignant proliferation of WBCs, diffuse replacement of bone marrow with unregulated proliferating immature neoplastic cells

Answer 14

Leukemias

Question 15

Painless, progressive enlargement of a single node or group of nodes spreading throughout the lymphatic system

Answer 15

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Question 16

Reduction of platelets < 100,000

Answer 16

Thrombocytopenia -

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

Question 17

Usually autosomal dominant disorder (20 varients of disease)

Low level of vWf

Answer 17

Von Willebrand Disease

Question 18

A disorder in which blood does not clot normally

X linked recessive disease mainly affecting males

Answer 18

Hemophilia A

Question 19

Neutrophil count less than 1500 cells/uL (normal 4500-6000)

Neutrophil count less than 200 is called:

Answer 19

Neutropenia

Agranulocytosis

Question 20

Inherited disorder in which abnormal hemoglobin (HbS) leads to chronic hemolytic anemia, pain, and organ failure

Answer 20

Sickle Cell Disease

Question 21

Disorder of pluripotent bone marrow stem cells that results in reduction of all 3 hematopoietic cell lines -RBCs, WBCs, Platelets

Answer 21

Aplastic Anemia