Module 1 Assessment Flashcards
TRUE OR FALSE
Cognitive Neuroscience is the study of the physiological basis of emotion.
FALSE
TRUE OR FALSE
Simple action such as picking up a piece of paper involves brain activity that eventually creates perceptions and behavior.
False
TRUE OR FALSE
People can complete two tasks at the same time if they are using different processes but makes it difficult if they are using the same processes in the brain.
True
A technique in which trained participants describe their sensations, feelings and thought processes in response to stimuli.
A. Neuroscience
B. Analytic Introspection
C. Introspection
D. Reaction Time
B. Analytic Introspection
The branch of Psychology concerned with the specific study of the mind.
A. Neurodiversity
B. Abnormal Psychology
C. Structuralism
D. Cognitive Psychology
D. Cognitive Psychology
A neurological condition that makes it difficult or impossible to make certain movements even if the muscles are normal.
Agnosia
Aphasia
Apraxia
Apraxia
According to Broadbent Filter Model, the messages captured by sensory memory will be…
Filtered
Pass on to Memory
Detected
Filtered
Function on decision-making, problem-solving, consciousness and emotion.
Temporal Lobe
Basal Ganglia
Frontal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Frontal Lobe
Responsible for learning memory, hearing, language.
Occipital Lobe
Frontal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Parietal Lobe
Temporal Lobe
Noninvasive, poses little health risk and can be used on infants and in utero, providing a consistent model of imaging across the development spectrum. One disadvantage is that the patient has to hold still for long periods of time in a noisy, cramped space while the imaging is performed.
EEG
MRI
fMRI
PET
MRI
Jen briefly hears music as she gets out of the car, but could not recall the sound after she enters the school gate.
Echoic Memory
Iconic Memory
Haptic Memory
Sensory Memory
Echoic Memory
TRUE OR FALSE
Cognitive Neuropsychology emphasizes cognitive effects of brain injury or neurological illnesses with a view to inferring normal cognitive models.
True
Used to show brain activity in certain psychological states, such as alertness or drowsiness. It is useful in the diagnosis of seizures and other medical problems that involve an overabundance or lack of activity in certain parts of the brain.
fMRI
MRI
EEG
PET
EEG
Refers to the idea that neurological differences reflect normal variations in brain development.
Structuralism
Abnormal Psychology
Neurodiversity
Cognitive Psychology
Neurodiversity
TRUE OR FALSE
STM and WM are the same.
False
The first step in processing an image of an object.
Preattentive Stage
Feature Search
Conjunction Search
Focused Attention Stage
Preattentive Stage
The average capacity of STM is about ____ items.
5-9
5-7
8-7
7-10
5-9
Responsible for breathing, swallowing, heart rate and blood pressure.
Basal Ganglia
Hypothalamus
Brainstem
Thalamus
Brainstem
Occurs because of incongruent trials where the names of the words cause a competing response and therefore slows responding to the target which is the color of the ink.
Divided Attention
Stroop Effect
Exogenous Cues
Endogenous Cues
Stroop Effect
TRUE OR FALSE
Cognitive Revolution means the shift from the study of stimuli response relations to the study of mental processes.
True
Most abundant neurotransmitter found in CNS. Supports cognitive functions such as memory formation and learning.
Glutamate
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Endorphins
GABA
Serotonin
Glutamate
Mood regulator from the CNS that is linked with anxiety, depression and schizophrenia.
Glutamate
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Endorphins
GABA
Serotonin
GABA
Released when doing pleasurable and rewarding activities.
Glutamate
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Endorphins
GABA
Serotonin
Dopamine
Inhibits pain signals. Also links to love, laughter, sex and enticing food.
Glutamate
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Endorphins
GABA
Serotonin
Endorphins
Helps regulate mood, depression, behavior, sleep and memory.
Glutamate
Epinephrine
Dopamine
Endorphins
GABA
Serotonin
Serotonin
Has an important role in autonomic control, sensory transduction, and communication with glial cells.
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Adenosine Triphosphate
Acetylcholine
Amino Acids
Adenosine
Adenosine Triphosphate
Prevalent during fight or flight response, aiding alertness.
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Adenosine Triphosphate
Acetylcholine
Amino Acids
Adenosine
Norepinephrine
Links with issues relating to memory and thinking such as Alzheimer’s Disease.
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Adenosine Triphosphate
Acetylcholine
Amino Acids
Adenosine
Acetylcholine
Suppressing arousal and improving sleep cycles.
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Adenosine Triphosphate
Acetylcholine
Amino Acids
Adenosine
Adenosine
GABA and Glutamate are categorized as..?
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Adenosine Triphosphate
Acetylcholine
Amino Acids
Adenosine
Amino Acids
A person is conditioned to expect a negative response or to anticipate negative effects from an experience.
Attention
Placebo
Nocebo
Perception
Nocebo
Prior probability is multiplied by the likelihood to determine the probability of the outcome.
Direct Pathway Model
Likelihood Principle
Heimholtz Concept
Bayesian Inference
Bayesian Inference
German physiologist and psychologist who founded the first laboratory of scientific psychology
Ulrich Neisser
Franciscus Donders
Sigmund Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
Wilhelm Wundt
The patient can perform mental tasks and the area of action can be detected through blood flow from one part of the brain to another by taking pictures of them seconds apart and showing where the brain “lights up”.
MRI
EEG
fMRI
PET
fMRI
The following are necessary for efficient learning.
Concentration and Precision
Memorization and Focus
Inspiration and Time Management
Elaboration and Active Involvement
Elaboration and Active Involvement
It covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses.
Myelin Sheath
Dendrite
Axon
Soma
Myelin Sheath
Conducted the first cognitive psychology experiment.
Franciscus Donders
Ulrich Neisser
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Frued
Franciscus Donders
TRUE OR FALSE
Some series of numbers are easier to chunk than others.
True
The part of memory where any information is first registered.
Iconic Memory
Haptic Memory
Echoic Memory
Sensory Memory
Sensory Memory
The initial 200-500 milliseconds after an item is perceived is stored in the …
Haptic Memory
Echoic Memory
Sensory Memory
Iconic Memory
Sensory Memory
We can only locate generalized areas of brain activity and not specific locations.
MRI
EEG
PET
fMRI
PET
TRUE OR FALSE
Modern cognitive psychologists suggest that the principles of organization has been created by experience.
True
Which of the following helps learning and memory?
- Frequently ask yourself “why?” and try to explain what you have read to yourself
- All of the options
- Repeatedly return to what you have read and relate this topic to previous topics
- Do the test at the end of the chapter using online assessment tools
- All of the options
TRUE OR FALSE
Experience cannot direct how the neurons respond, but it responds to stimuli more.
False
The time it takes to respond to a presented stimulus
Reaction Time
Choice Reaction Time
Simple Reaction Time
Reaction Time
Distributing learning over time is called ….
Interleaving
Repetition
Spacing
Spacing
TRUE OR FALSE
The capacity of STM depends on the complexity or compressibility of the stimulus to be remembered.
True
These brain scans are the form of neural imaging most useful to the field of psychology.
MRI
fMRI
EEG
PET
PET
The following are major parts of a neuron except for
Axon
Dendrite
Soma
Myelin Sheath
Myelin Sheath
Jane has trust issues since he experienced several times that his partners would lie about another romantic relationship.
Bayesian Inference
Gestalt
Semantic Regularities
Intrinsic Laws
Bayesian Inference
Xandra tried to recall the plate number of the car that hit her mother, but the car was so fast she only remembers half of the digits.
Sensory Memory
Haptic Memory
Echoic Memory
Iconic Memory
Iconic Memory
Perception includes the following except:
Expectation
Senses
Memories
Social Economic Status
Social Economic Status
The senses can pick up information and the brain can process it but it can’t recognize or make sense of the information coming in.
Aphasia
Apraxia
Associative Agnosia
Apperceptive Agnosia
Associative Agnosia
Known for his memory research where his methods remain the basis of all psychological experimentation.
Franciscus Donders
Herman Ebbinghaus
Ulrich Neisser
Wilhelm Wundt
Herman Ebbinghaus
Children often repeat what they hear, this is called …
Shadowing
Dichotic Listening
Learning
Shadowing
Shifting attention by making eye movements.
Overt Attention
Attention Bias
Inattentional Blindness
Covert Attention
Overt Attention
We perceive that the object that is most likely to have caused the pattern of stimuli we have received.
Principle of Good Contribution
Unconscious Inference
Likelihood Principle
Principle of Organization
Likelihood Principle
The quote “the whole is more than the sum of its parts” is a popular notion of …
Gestalt
Neuroscience
Neurocognitive
Behaviorism
Gestalt
The Leaky Filter Model suggests that the messages from the environment pass through the _____, where analysis of messages creates meaning as we perceive it.
Filter
Pass on to Memory
Dictionary Unit
Attenuator
Attenuator
The process involved in retaining, retrieving and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas and skills after the original information is no longer present.
Memory
Long Term Memory
Structural Model
Procedural Model
Memory
TRUE OR FALSE
There is a relationship between stress and memory.
True
Interference that occurs when information that was learned previously interferes with learning new information.
Proactive Interference
Phonological Loop
Retroactive Interference
Articulatory Supression
Proactive Interference
Vic responds to a friend that is calling him while he did not hear when one of the bullies tried to get his attention, even if the voice of the latter is louder.
Divided Attention
Visual Scanning
Selective Attention
Attentional Capture
Selective Attention
Inability to focus on individual objects due to damage in the parietal lobe.
Illusion
Balint’s Syndrome
Hallucinations
Aphasia
Balint’s Syndrome
Machine that behaves in ways that a human would behave.
Digital Computer
Information Processing Approach
Information Theory
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence
The father of Modern Psychology
Sigmund Freud
Franciscus Donders
Wilhelm Wundt
Ulrich Neisser
Wilhelm Wundt
Uses procedures with visual items that cannot be verbalized.
Chunking
Visuospatial Sketchpad
Phonological Loop
Word Length Effect
Articulatory Suppression
Visuospatial Sketchpad
Refers to the confusion of letters or words that sound similar.
Chunking
Visuospatial Sketchpad
Phonological Loop
Word Length Effect
Articulatory Suppression
Phonological Loop
Enables the limited capacity of STM system to deal with the large amount of information involved in many of the tasks we perform ever-day.
Chunking
Visuospatial Sketchpad
Phonological Loop
Word Length Effect
Articulatory Suppression
Chunking
The repetition of irrelevant sound reduces memory because speaking interferes with rehearsal.
Chunking
Visuospatial Sketchpad
Phonological Loop
Word Length Effect
Articulatory Suppression
Articulatory Suppression
Refers to the observation that our memory for lists of words is better for short words than for long words.
Chunking
Visuospatial Sketchpad
Phonological Loop
Word Length Effect
Articulatory Suppression
Word Length Effect
TRUE OR FALSE
Cognition refers to ALL mental activities and mental processes.
True
A long segmented fiber that passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands.
Soma
Dendrite
Axon
Myelin Sheath
Axon
TRUE OR FALSE
Perception is universal.
False
The overall experience is determined by combining basic elements of experience or sensations.
Structuralism
Cognitive Psychology
Abnormal Psychology
Neurodiversity
Structuralism
____ led to the discovery of talent learning and cognitive maps.
Persistence of Vision
Rat Maze
Flow Diagram
Skinner Box
Rat Maze
The father of Cognitive Psychology is …
Ulrich Neisser
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
Franciscus Donders
Ulrich Neisser
Refers to the inability to recognize or interpret sensory information despite having normal sensory function.
Aphasia
Apraxia
Agnosia
Agnosia
TRUE OR FALSE
Heimholtz and Bayes believe that we use data about the environment as we gather through our past experiences in perceiving.
True
TRUE OR FALSE
Only relevant information is passed through the sensory memory to short term memory.
True
