Module 1 Flashcards
Feed Sources and the Anatomy of Digestion
What are the 3 major function for food
Energy, tissue building blocks, essential components, water
What are the types of energy from food
Carbohydrates, fat, fibre(herbivores), proteins
What are the types of tissue building blocks from food
Protein, fat
What are the types of essential component from food
Vitamins, hormones (protein, fat, Micronutrients)
Properties of fibre
Plants(forages), indigestible to carnivores, majoy herbivore food source
Properties of Carbohydrates
cereal & vegetables, from concentrates, forages
Properties of proteins
Plants (concentrates&forages), meat, milk/eggs
Properties of Fats&oil
Meats, milk/egg, plants(often plant concentrates e.g. seeds& fruits)
Properties of micronutrients
may come from all feed types
What essential nutrient that cats need in food but not dogs?
Taurine
What is an ideal pasture
Nutritious, meets nutritional requirement year-round, persists under grazing& out competes weeds, maintain ground cover(prevents erosion), doesnt cause health problem
What are forages
Plant parts, fresh, ensiled(left in silos), dry(hay)
Waht are concentrates
Seeds, fruits e.g cereal grains, wheat, barley, oats, rye
corn
-legume grains, lupins, peas
What are the difference between legumes and grass
Fix nitrogen and are high protein forages
grass uses N from legumes and grows faster, causes few diseases, dont die over summer. Both needed
What are examples of high protein grain
lupins
What are indigestible by mammals in plant feed but digestible by microbes
Fibre
lignin(very few organisms can digest them), pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose (but high in energy)
What are the carbohydrates in plants
Starches
What are the protein in plants
crude protein
What are the fats in plants
lipids
What are the quality and quantity of pastures in autumn
Low and Low, increase as rainfall starts
What are the quality and quantity of pastures in winter
High quality but low quantity
What are the quality and quantity of pastures in spring
High quality abundant quantity
What are the quality and quantity of pastures in summer
both declines
What are parts of the head gut
mouth, pharynx