Module 1 Flashcards
What are the four emergent characteristics of water that form from H-bonds?
Cohesion/Adhesion, Moderation of Temperature (Large Heat Capacity) , Low Density of Ice, Versatility of Water as a solvent
What is Cohesion
Water molecules sticking together, resulting in surface tension
What is adhesion
water sticking to other polar substances (ex. glass)
What is large heat capacity
Water can absorb and retain heat without changing its temperature
meaning it can regulate environmental temperatures
Why does water have a lower density in its ice form?
When water freezes, the H-bond molecules stabilize and the water molecules are less densely packed
How is water a powerful solvent?
It has the ability to dissolve a great number of compounds
What are hydrophilic compounds?
Compounds that interact with water, are polar, form H-bonds, and dissolve in H20
what are hydrophobic compounds?
compounds that repel water, are nonpolar, do not form H-bonds, and do not dissolve in h2O
What makes a molecule nonpolar?
it has equal sharing of electrons, these are often hydrophobic
What makes a molecule polar?
unequal sharing of electrons that differ in Electronegativity (O-H, O-C, N-H)
why are functional groups important
they add chemical properties
What are isomers?
Compounds that have the same #s of atoms of the same elements but have different structures, therefore they have different properties
What are structural isomers
compounds that differ in covalent arrangements
Why are functional groups important
they are the components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions
What are the seven functional groups
Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Amino, Sulfhydryl, Phosphate, Methyl
