Modifying The Event Case Studies

Question 1

Name four examples of Earthquake resistant design;

Answer 1

Cross braces
Base isolators;
Mass dampers;
Shear wall;

Question 2

In Tokyo/Sendai what percentage of city buildings have modern anti-seismic standards?

Answer 2

87%

Question 3

What is a disadvantage to earthquake resistant design?

Answer 3

Cost;

Question 4

In 2011, how many buildings were destroyed in the CBD of Sendai, a major city near the epicentre?

Answer 4

Not a single one.

Question 5

What is the diversion of lava flows/lahars?

Answer 5

Barrier that diverts lava

Question 6

How high was the wall the Sicilians built to divert lava?

Answer 6

20 metres;

Question 7

What is a successful example of diverted lava flow?

Answer 7

Vestmannaeviar;

Question 8

Where country is the town Vestmannaeviar located in?

Answer 8

Iceland (1973);

Question 9

What was the name of the volcano in Vestmannaeviar?

Answer 9

Eldfell

Question 10

How much icy sea water was blasted through canons at Eldfell volcano?

Answer 10

More than 1 billion gallons;

Question 11

What did the months of blasting icy sea water through cannons save?

Answer 11

The areas only harbour;

Question 12

Where was the cooling method tried in 1989?

Answer 12

Hawaii;

Question 13

What did the Hawaii 1989 cooling method attempt to save?

Answer 13

Wahaula Visitor Centre;

Question 14

When the Hawaii 1989 cooling attempts failed, what was set ablaze?

Answer 14

Wahaula Visitor Centre.

Question 15

What do floods walls prevent?

Answer 15

Hazards associated with tsunami waves;

Question 16

What do tsunamis provide, which creates an issue?

Answer 16

False sense of security;

Question 17

What does a False sense of security prevent?

Answer 17

Evacuation;

Question 18

What does analysis of Japan in 2011 suggest the presence of a seawall higher than the forecast tsunami height at any given time reduces the likelihood of prompt evacuation by?

Answer 18

30%

Question 19

How much did rebuilding walls on Japan’s east coast cost?

Answer 19

$10 billion (US)

Question 20

Why are tectonic flood walls criticised?

Answer 20

Access to coast;
Aesthetic;

Question 21

What are tectonic flood walls and example of?

Answer 21

Engineering solutions.

Question 22

What is land-use zoning?

Answer 22

Designing settlements;
High risk areas not built upon with high value land uses;

Question 23

In 2011, following a series of devastating earthquakes which caused unprecedented and widespread damage, what decision was made to do with badly damaged land in greater Christchurch and convert it to woodland and parks?

Answer 23

‘Red zone’

Question 24

How many properties were purchased by the government in the areas worst affected by the earthquakes, most of which have been demolished to prevent damage in the future?

Answer 24

8000;

Question 25

Why is it difficult for developing and emerging economies to do land-use zoning?

Answer 25

Rapidly growing urban settlements;
Densely populated communities;
Multiple land owners.