Modifying The Event Case Studies Flashcards
Name four examples of Earthquake resistant design;
Cross braces
Base isolators;
Mass dampers;
Shear wall;
In Tokyo/Sendai what percentage of city buildings have modern anti-seismic standards?
87%
What is a disadvantage to earthquake resistant design?
Cost;
In 2011, how many buildings were destroyed in the CBD of Sendai, a major city near the epicentre?
Not a single one.
What is the diversion of lava flows/lahars?
Barrier that diverts lava
How high was the wall the Sicilians built to divert lava?
20 metres;
What is a successful example of diverted lava flow?
Vestmannaeviar;
Where country is the town Vestmannaeviar located in?
Iceland (1973);
What was the name of the volcano in Vestmannaeviar?
Eldfell
How much icy sea water was blasted through canons at Eldfell volcano?
More than 1 billion gallons;
What did the months of blasting icy sea water through cannons save?
The areas only harbour;
Where was the cooling method tried in 1989?
Hawaii;
What did the Hawaii 1989 cooling method attempt to save?
Wahaula Visitor Centre;
When the Hawaii 1989 cooling attempts failed, what was set ablaze?
Wahaula Visitor Centre.
What do floods walls prevent?
Hazards associated with tsunami waves;
What do tsunamis provide, which creates an issue?
False sense of security;
What does a False sense of security prevent?
Evacuation;
What does analysis of Japan in 2011 suggest the presence of a seawall higher than the forecast tsunami height at any given time reduces the likelihood of prompt evacuation by?
30%
How much did rebuilding walls on Japan’s east coast cost?
$10 billion (US)
Why are tectonic flood walls criticised?
Access to coast;
Aesthetic;
What are tectonic flood walls and example of?
Engineering solutions.
What is land-use zoning?
Designing settlements;
High risk areas not built upon with high value land uses;
In 2011, following a series of devastating earthquakes which caused unprecedented and widespread damage, what decision was made to do with badly damaged land in greater Christchurch and convert it to woodland and parks?
‘Red zone’
How many properties were purchased by the government in the areas worst affected by the earthquakes, most of which have been demolished to prevent damage in the future?
8000;
Why is it difficult for developing and emerging economies to do land-use zoning?
Rapidly growing urban settlements;
Densely populated communities;
Multiple land owners.
