MODERN LIBERALISM Flashcards
4 Major features of Modern Liberalism
Positive Liberty
Enabling State
Constitutional reform and liberal democracy
Social Liberalism
New liberals re-examined what
Re-Examined core liberal principles
What did “new liberals” conclude
Reached Radical conclusions about liberty, individualism and society
What did “new liberals” argue
Due to the nature of modern economics and society it made it nearly impossible to seek self-determination and self-realisation
What was it about modern economics that worsened self-realisation
More socio-economic forces that were beyond an individuals control
What was needed alongside legal justice for individuals to fulfil their potential
Social justice/positive liberty
What is positive liberty
If people are left alone they are rather inhabited than free so need a state to allow them to reach their potential
Only what could repel new socio-economic threats
a larger state
What did modern liberals justify
A substantial extension of the state
How did modern liberals justify increasing the state
was in the name of the individual - More laws, spending and taxation to ensure more liberties of poorer people
What is the modern liberal enabling state linked to
Collectivism
What provided the bedrock of the welfare state
The Beveridge report 1942
What did the beveridge report predict
The five giants:
Poverty
unemployment
poor education
bad housing
poor healthcare
How did liberals use the beveridge report
The five giants threaten freedom and a larger state could be used to overcome this
Believed in the equality of what
Opportunity not outcome
Some individuals to do what
Sacrifice their earnings through taxes
How did liberals argue that people could be persuaded for taxes
Government by consent as it was a good and necessary thing
What did modern liberals have a passion for
Ongoing change
What UK modern liberalism reforms have been demanded
Written codified constitution
Devolution
HOL reform
What do of democracy do modern liberals want
Liberal democracy
what do they want to complete the link between
Core liberal values and universal adult suffrage
They showed little interest in what and why
Direct democracy as they believed it was lead to tyranny of the majority
They seemed willing to dilute what and an example
Representative democracy , seen been HRA and support of EU
What did social liberalism do
Update classical liberalism’s stress on tolerance - especially of minorities
