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Clinical Anatomy > Mod 8 - Cranial Nerves and Cranium Part 2 > Flashcards

Mod 8 - Cranial Nerves and Cranium Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of CN VII?

A

facial nerve

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2
Q

What is the CNS origin of CN VII?

A

the pons

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3
Q

What are the nuclei of CN VII?

A
  • facial motor
  • geniculate ganglia (sensory)
  • superior salivatory nucleus (parasympathetic)
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4
Q

What are the axon functions of CN VII?

A
  • branchial motor
  • preganglionic parasympathetic
  • sensory
  • taste (special sensory)
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5
Q

What are the target structures of the branchial motor axons of CN VII?

A
  • muscles of facial expression
  • stapedius
  • posterior digastric
  • stylohyoid

(2nd pharyngeal arch derivatives)

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6
Q

What are the branchial motor branches of CN VII?

A
  • temporal
  • zygomatic
  • buccal
  • mandibular
  • cervical
  • nerve to stapedius
  • post digastric
  • stylohyoid
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7
Q

What opening of the skull does the branchial motor axons of CN VII exit?

A
  • internal auditory meatus
  • stylomastoid fissure
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8
Q

What is the primary branch of the branchial motor division of CN VII?

A
  • main root
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9
Q

What is the function nerve to stylohyoid branch of the branchial motor division of CN VII?

A
  • motor innervation of the stylohyoid muscle
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10
Q

What is the function of nerve to posterior digastric br of the branchial motor division of CN VII?

A
  • motor innervation of posterior belly of digastric muscle
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11
Q

What is the function of the temporal branch of the branchial motor division of CN VII?

A
  • motor innervation of the frontal and obicularis oculi muscle
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12
Q

What is the function of the zygomatic branch of the branchial motor division of CN VII?

A
  • motor innervation of the obicularis oculi, zygomaticus major, and levator labii superioris muscles
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13
Q

What is the function of the buccal branch of the branchial motor division of CN VII?

A
  • motor function innervation of the buccinator, levator labii superioris, nasalis, obicularis oris, depressor anguli oris, and zygomaticus major muscles
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14
Q

What is the function of the mandibular branch of the branchial motor division of CN VII?

A
  • motor innervation of depressor anguli oris and zygomaticus major muscles
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15
Q

What is the function of the cervical branch of the branchial motor division of CN VII?

A
  • motor innervation of the platysma muscle
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16
Q

What are the target structures of the parasympathetic division of CN VII?

A
  • lacrimal glands
  • mucosa glands of nasal cavity
  • submandibular glands
  • sublingual glands
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17
Q

What opening of the skull does the parasympathetic division of CN VII exit?

A

internal auditory meatus

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18
Q

What are the names of the nerves that branch from the parasympathetic division of CN VII?

A
  • chorda tympani nerve
  • greater petrosal nerve > n of pterygoid canal
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19
Q

What is the parasympathetic function of chorda tympani nerve branch of the parasympathetic division of CN VII?

A
  • innervation of submandibular ganglion to innervate the submandibular and sublingual glands
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20
Q

What is the function of the greater petrosal branch of the parasympathetic division of CN VII?

A
  • innervation of pterygopalatine ganglion to innervate the lacrimal gland and musosa of nasal cavity
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21
Q

What are the target structures of the sensory division of CN VII?

A
  • palate
  • skin posterior of ear
  • external auditory meatus
  • tympanic membrane
  • facial muscle proprioception
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22
Q

What opening of the skull does the sensory division of CN VII exit?

A
  • internal auditory meatus
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23
Q

What are the target structures of the taste (sensory) division of CN VII?

A
  • anterior 2/3 tongue
  • palate
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24
Q

What opening of the skull does the taste (sensory) division of CN VII exit?

A
  • internal auditory meatus
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25
Q

What is the function of chorda tympani nerve branch of the taste division of CN VII?

A
  • taste innervation of mucosa anterior 2/3 tongue
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26
Q

What is the function of the greater petrosal nerve branch of the taste division of CN VII?

A
  • taste innervation of palate
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27
Q

What is the facial nerve responsible of making you produce?

A
  • spit
  • snot
  • cry
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28
Q

What are the ganglia associated with CN VII?

A
  • submandibular
  • ptergopalatine
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29
Q

What is the name of CN VIII?

A

vestibulocochlear nerve

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30
Q

What is the CNS origin of CN VIII?

A

the pons

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31
Q

What are the nuclei present in CN VIII?

A
  • vestibular ganglion (equilibrium)
  • spiral ganglion (hearing)
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32
Q

What is the axon function of CN VIII?

A
  • sensory: equilibrium and hearing
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33
Q

What are the target structures of CN VIII?

A
  • hair cells of spiral organ (hearing)
  • hair cells of ampullarf crests in semicircular ducts, maculae of saccule/utricle
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34
Q

What is the name of CN IX?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

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35
Q

What are the axon functions of CN IX?

A
  • branchial motor
  • parasympathetic
  • sensory (touch/proprioception)
  • sensory (taste)
  • sensory (visceral)
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36
Q

What are the nuclei of CN IX?

A
  • nuclei ambiguus (branchial motor)
  • inferior salivatory (parasympathetic)
  • inferior ganglion (touch and taste)
  • superior ganglion (visceral)
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37
Q

What opening of the skull do all divisions of CN IX exit?

A
  • jugular foramen
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38
Q

What are the target structures of the branchial motor division of CN IX?

A
  • stylopharynegeus
  • superior pharyngeal constrictor
  • 3rd pharyngeal arch derivative
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39
Q

What is the CNS origin of CN IX?

A

the medulla

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40
Q

What is the function of the nerve to stylopharyngeus branch of the branchial motor division of CN IX?

A
  • motor innervation of stylopharynegues muscle
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41
Q

What is the target structure of the parasympathetic branch of CN IX?

A
  • parotid gland
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42
Q

What is the axon function of the tympanic nerve of the parasympathetic division of CN IX?

A
  • parasympathetic innervation of the otic ganglion&raquo_space;> parotid gland
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43
Q

What are the nerve branches of the sensory (touch) division of CN IX?

A
  • lingual br
  • tonsilar br
  • pharyngeal br
  • n. to stylopharyngeus
  • tympanic nerve br
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44
Q

What are the target structures of the sensory (touch/proprioception) division of CN IX?

A
  • sensory of 1/3 posterior tongue
  • tonsil bed
  • stylopharyngeus (proprioception)
  • oropharynx (upper pharynx; gag reflex)
  • mid ear
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45
Q

What is the sensory (touch) axon function of the tympanic nerve branch of CN IX?

A
  • sensory innervation of middle ear
46
Q

What is the sensory (touch) function of the pharyngeal br of CN IX?

A
  • sensory innervation of mucosa of upper pharynx
47
Q

What is the sensory (touch) function of the tonsillar br of CN IX?

A
  • sensory innervation of tonsillar mucosa
48
Q

What is the sensory (touch) function of the lingual br of CN IX?

A
  • sensory innervation of mucosa posterior 1/3 tongue
49
Q

What is the sensory (proprioception) function of nerve to stylopharyngeus br of CN IX?

A
  • sensory innervation of stylopharyngeus muscle
50
Q

What is the target structure of the sensory (taste) division of CN IX?

A
  • posterior 1/3 tongue taste
51
Q

What is the sensory (taste) br of CN IX?

A
  • lingual branch
52
Q

What are the sensory (visceral) target structures of CN IX?

A
  • chemoreceptors at carotid body
  • baroreceptors at carotid sinus
53
Q

What is the sensory (visceral) br of CN IX?

A
  • carotid nerve
54
Q

What is the sensory (visceral) function of the carotid br of CN IX?

A

sensory innervation of the carotid sinus and body

55
Q

What is the ganglion associated with CN IX?

A
  • otic ganglion
56
Q

What are the sensory ganglion associated with CN IX?

A
  • superior and inferior ganglion
57
Q

What is the name of CN X?

A
  • vagus nerve
58
Q

What are the nuclei of CN X?

A
  • nucleus ambiguus (branchial motor)
  • dorsal motor nucleus
  • superior and inferior ganglion
59
Q

What is the CNS origin of CN X?

A
  • the medulla
60
Q

What is the opening of the skull which CN X exits?

A
  • jugular foramen
61
Q

What are the target structures of the branchial motor division of CN X?

A
  • muscles of pharynx (6th arch)
  • palate
  • upper 2/3 esophagus (4th arch)
  • cricothryoid
  • inferior pharynx
62
Q

What are the branches of the branchial motor division of CN X?

A
  • recurrent laryngeal
  • superior laryngeal n > external laryngeal
  • pharyngeal n
63
Q

What is the branchial motor function of the recurrent laryngeal nerve of CN X?

A
  • motor innervation of all but two muscles of the larynx
64
Q

What is the branchial motor function of the superior laryngeal n > external laryngeal nerve of CN X?

A
  • motor innervation of cricothyroid, and inferior constrictor muscles
65
Q

What is the branchial motor function of the pharyngeal nerve branch of CN X?

A
  • motor innervation of all the muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus) and the palate (except tensor palatini)
66
Q

What are the target structures the parasympathetic division of CN X?

A
  • smooth muscle viscera up to splenic flexure
67
Q

What are the branches of the parasympathetic division of CN X?

A
  • vagal trunk
  • recurrent laryngeal
  • internal laryngeal
  • pharyngeal nerve
68
Q

What is the parasympathetic function of the vagal trunk br of CN X?

A
  • autonomic motor innervation of viscera of the thorax and abdomen
69
Q

What is the parasympathetic function of recurrent laryngeal br of CN X?

A
  • innervation of vocal cords and trachea musosa
70
Q

What is the parasympathetic function of internal laryngeal br of CN X?

A
  • innervation of epiglottis and vocal cords
71
Q

What is the parasympathetic function of the pharyngeal nerve branch of CN X?

A
  • innervation of palate and pharynx mucosa
72
Q

What are the sensory (touch/proprioception) target structures of CN X?

A
  • skin of ear
  • external auditory meatus
  • dura posterior cranial fossa
73
Q

What are the branches of the sensory (touch/proprioception) division of CN X?

A
  • recurrent laryngeal nerve br
  • superior laryngeal > ext and int laryngeal
  • pharyngeal n
  • auricular br
74
Q

What is the sensory function of recurrent laryngeal nerve br of CN X?

A
  • sensory innervation of all but two muscles of larynx
  • sensory innervation of mucosa of the trachea and larynx
    (proprioception)
75
Q

What is the sensory function of the internal laryngeal n of CN X?

A
  • sensory innervation to the mucosa of the oral and laryngeal pharynx, epiglottis and larynx
76
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the external laryngeal nerve branch of CN X?

A
  • proprioception of cricothyroid
77
Q

What is the sensory function of the pharyngeal nerve of CN X?

A
  • sensory innervation of all the muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus) and the palate (except tensor palatini)
78
Q

What is the sensory function of the auricular nerve br of CN X?

A
  • sensory innervation of skin of the external auditory meatus and ear
79
Q

What is the target structure of sensory ( taste) division of CN X?

A
  • internal laryngeal nerve innervates taste of epiglottis
80
Q

What is the sensory (visceral) function of CN X?

A
  • thoracic cardiac nerve does sensory innervation of the aortic arch
81
Q

What is the name of CN XI?

A
  • accessory nerve
82
Q

What is the CNS origin of CN XI?

A
  • spinal cord (C1-5)
83
Q

What are the nuclei of CN XI?

A
  • ventral horn (C1-5)
84
Q

What is the opening of the skull which CN XI exits?

A
  • jugular foramen
85
Q

What is the axon function of CN XI?

86
Q

What are the target structures of CN XI?

A
  • sternocleidomastoid
  • trapezius
87
Q

What is the name of CN XII?

A
  • hypoglossal nerve
88
Q

What is the CNS origin of CN XII?

A
  • the medulla
89
Q

What is the nuclei of CN XII?

A
  • hypoglossal nucleus
90
Q

What is the opening which CN XII exits?

A

hypoglossal canal

91
Q

What is the axon function of CN XII?

92
Q

What are the target structures of CN XII?

A
  • styloglossus
  • hyoglossus
  • genioglossus
  • intrinsic muscles of tongue
93
Q

What is the artery that runs through the cavernous sinus?

A
  • internal carotid artery
94
Q

What cranial nerves run through the cavernous sinus?

A
  • III
  • IV
  • V1
  • V2
  • VI
95
Q

What is the location of the cavernous sinus?

A
  • sellar diaphragm above sphenoid bone
  • with pituitary gland
96
Q

What are the 4 parasympathetic ganglion of the cranium?

A
  • ciliary
  • pterygopalatine
  • submandibular
  • otic
97
Q

What CN is associated with the ciliary ganglion and what CN is it suspended from?

A
  • CN III
  • suspended from V1; short ciliary nerve
98
Q

What CN is associated with the pterygopalatine ganglion and which CN is it suspended from?

A
  • VII
  • suspended from V2; zygomatic br»> V1; lacrimal br
99
Q

What CN is associated with the submandibular ganglion and which CN is it suspended from?

A

-VII
- suspended from V3; lingual

100
Q

What CN is associated with the otic ganglion and which CN is it suspended from?

A
  • IX
  • suspended from V3; auriculotemporal
101
Q

What are the targets of the ciliary ganglion?

A
  • ciliary body (lens accommodation
  • iris smooth muscle (constriction)
102
Q

What is the target of the pterygopalatine ganglion?

A
  • lacrimal gland (cry)
103
Q

What are the targets of the submandibular ganglion?

A
  • submandibular gland
  • sublingual gland
    SPIT
104
Q

What is the target of the otic ganglion?

A
  • parotid gland (spit)
105
Q

What is unique about the parasympathetic innervation of CN X?

A
  • no ganglion
  • target cell is at the organ wall
  • innervates viscera of thorax and abdomen
106
Q

What is are the borders and contents of the anterior cranial fossa?

A

anterior: frontal bone
posterior: lesser wing of sphenoid

  • orbital plate
    -cribriform plate
  • ethmoid bone
107
Q

What are the boundaries and contents of the middle cranial fossa?

A

anterior: greater wing of
posterior: petrous crest

  • dorsum sellae
  • foramens
108
Q

What are the boundaries and contents of the posterior cranial fossa?

A

anterior: cloves of occipital
posterior: squamous portion of occipital bone

  • foramen magnum
109
Q

What are the general functions of CN VII?

A
  • motor innervation of muscles of facial expression, stapedius, stylohyoid, and posterior digastric
  • taste of anterior 2/3 tongue
  • parasympathetic innervation of sublingual, submandibular, and lacrimal glands
110
Q

What are the general functions of CN IX?

A
  • motor to one pharyngeal muscle (stylopharyngeus)
  • general sensory from mucosa in posterior tongue and superior parts of pharynx
  • taste from posterior 1/3 tongue
  • sensory from carotid body and sinus
  • parasympathetic of otic ganglion
111
Q

What are the general functions of CN X?

A
  • motor innervation of pharyngeal, soft palate, and intrinsic laryngeal muscles
  • sensory of the inferior pharynx and larynx
  • taste and sensory of the root of the tongue and epiglottis
  • somatic sensory of outer ear
  • parasympathetic innervation to neck, thoracic, and adominal viscera

Clinical Anatomy (12 decks)

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