MNGT 370 3

Question 1

fundamental attribution error

Answer 1

When evaluating others, we tend to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors.

Question 2

self serving bias

Answer 2

, means that people give themselves too much credit for what they do well and give external forces too much blame when they fail

Question 3

locus of control

Answer 3

external People are harder to motivate, less involved in their jobs, and more likely to blame others but listen to orders better internal locus of control Most successful entrepreneurs believe that their actions determine what hap- pens to them, problems come from within

Question 4

attribution

Answer 4

An internal attribution says that characteristics of the person led to the behavior. (An external attribution says that something about the situation caused the person’s behavior.

Question 5

emotional contagion

Answer 5

and will automatically and unconsciously start feeling and displaying the same emotions as those around them.

Question 6

type a

Answer 6

pattern includes extreme competitiveness, impatience, aggressiveness, and devotion to work.

Question 7

type b

Answer 7

pattern exhibit fewer of these behav- iors. They consequently experience less conflict with other people and a more balanced, relaxed lifestyle

Question 8

role ambiguitiy

Answer 8

refers to uncertainty about what behaviors are expected of a person in a particular role.

Question 9

role conflict

Answer 9

Role conflict occurs when an individual perceives incompatible demands from others. Managers often feel role conflict because the demands of their superiors conflict with those of the employees in their department.

Question 10

initiating structure

Answer 10

e is the degree of task behavior; that is, the extent to which the leader is task-oriented and directs subordinate work activities toward goal attainment.

Question 11

consideration

Answer 11

falls in the category of people-oriented behavior and is the extent to which the leader is mindful of subordinates, respects their ideas and feelings, and establishes mutual trust

Question 12

Fiedlers contingency theory

Answer 12

assesed whether person was task oriented or person oriented

Question 13

charismatic leaders

Answer 13

has the ability to inspire and motivate people to do more than they would normally do, despite obstacles and personal sacrifice.

Question 14

transformational leadership

Answer 14

s are similar to charismatic leaders, but they are distinguished by their special ability to bring about innovation and change by recognizing followers’ needs and concerns, p

Question 15

transactional leaders

Answer 15

s clarify the role and task requirements of subordinates, initiate structure, provide appropriate rewards, and try to be considerate and meet the social needs of subordinates.

Question 16

position power

Answer 16

Rational Maintains stability Assigns tasks Organizes Analyzes

Question 17

personal power

Answer 17

Visionary Promotes change Defines purpose Nurtures Innovates

Question 18

intrinsic reward

Answer 18

satisfaction from yourself

Question 19

extrinsic

Answer 19

satisfaction given by others

Question 20

ERG THeory

Answer 20

Existence needs. health relatedness needs social growth needs

Question 21

Herzberg two factors

Answer 21

Hygiene job dissatisfiers and motivators things people want

Question 22

equity theory

Answer 22

focuses on individuals’ perceptions of how fairly they are treated compared with others.

Question 23

ways to combat perceived inequities

Answer 23

Change work effort. Change outcomes change perceptions leave job

Question 24

E to p expectancy

Answer 24

y involves determining whether putting effort into a task will lead to high performance. F

Question 25

P to O expectancy

Answer 25

involves determining whether successful performance will lead to the desired outcome or reward.

Question 26

Valence

Answer 26

is the value of outcomes, or attraction to outcomes, for the individual

Question 27

avoidance learning

Answer 27

is the removal of an unpleasant consequence once a behavior is improved, thereby encouraging and strengthening the desired behavior.

Question 28

extinction

Answer 28

is the withholding of a positive reward.

Question 29

internal recruiting

Answer 29

promote from within

Question 30

external recruiting

Answer 30

outside recruiting

Question 31

employer brand

Answer 31

is similar to a product brand, except that rather than promoting a specific product, its aim is to make the organization seem like a highly desirable place to work

Question 32

acqui hiring

Answer 32

buy an early stage startup

Question 33

realistic job preview

Answer 33

) Gives applicants all pertinent and realistic information, both positive and negative, about a job and the organization

Question 34

360 degree feedback

Answer 34

which uses multiple raters, including self-rating, to appraise employee performance and guide development.

Question 35

exit interview

Answer 35

is an interview conducted with departing employees to determine why they are leaving the company.

Question 36

dividends of workplace diversity

Answer 36

benefits of diversity Better use of employee talent.Increased understanding of the mar- ketplace.Enhanced breadth of understanding in leadership positions.Increased quality of team problem solvingReduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits.

Question 37

stereotype threat

Answer 37

describes the psychological experience of a person who, when engaged in a task, is aware of a stereotype about his or her identity group suggesting that he or she will not perform well on that task

Question 38

prejudice

Answer 38

is the tendency to view people who are different as being deficient

Question 39

descrimination

Answer 39

If someone acts out their prejudicial attitudes toward people who are the targets of their prejudice,

Question 40

stereotype

Answer 40

A major component of prejudice is stereotypes, rigid, exaggerated, irrational beliefs associated with a particular group of people.45

Question 41

ethnorelativisim

Answer 41

m is the belief that groups and subcultures are inherently equal.

Question 42

monoculture

Answer 42

culture that accepts only one way of doing things

Question 43

pluralism

Answer 43

means that an organization accommodates several subcultures.

Question 44

glass ceiling

Answer 44

The glass ceiling is an invisible barrier that exists for women and minorities that limits their upward mobility

Question 45

opt out trend

Answer 45

Some women never hit the glass ceiling because they choose to get off the fast track long before it comes into view.