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Accounting > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does biodiversity measure

A

Measure species in genre phyla or in genetic diversity

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2
Q

What is a phylum

A

Cnidaria for example

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3
Q

Kingdom

A

Bacteria

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4
Q

Arthropoda

A

Bugs that possess exoskeleton and jointed limbs

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5
Q

Echinoderm

A

External skeleton under skin like sea stars

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6
Q

Genetic drift

A

The idea that evolution will make forward and backward progress until it reaches optimal standArds drunk guy example

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7
Q

Domain

A

Eubacteria archae

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8
Q

Chordate

A

Has a nervous system that runs part way up the back birds and dinosaurs

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9
Q

Platyhelminthes

A

Flat worms solid bodies filled with connective tissues tapeworms

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10
Q

Nematoda

A

Very diverse tube within a tube most diseases

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11
Q

Nematomorpha

A

Zombie parasite

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12
Q

Annelids

A

Earth worms

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13
Q

Deuterostomia

A

Us develop anus first then mouth

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14
Q

Porifera

A

Sponges

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15
Q

Cnidarian

A

Are true tissues jellies make up this group

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16
Q

Lophotrocozoa

A

Characterized by their similiar fetuses

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17
Q

Niche

A

environmental conditions under which indicidual species can persist or What and organism feeds on and what feeds on them

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18
Q

What is the most common measure of biodiversity

A

Variety life forms of different species in an area and variety of genetic types

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19
Q

competetive exclusion principle

A

no two species can occupy the same niche

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20
Q

what factors affect biodiversity

A

physical diversity of environment the amount of disturbance environmental variation depth of food web presemce of exotic animal

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21
Q

fundamental niche

A

all the conditions a species can persis in the absence of competition

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22
Q

realized niche

A

conditions a species can persis with competition in the real world

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23
Q

what is the gene pool

A

gene pool allows for adaptation of an animal those that are better adapted have a higher chance to have offspring

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24
Q

define evolution

A

evolution is modification to gene pool

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25
Q

sexual selection

A

Species will pick out the traits they find most desireable in order to pass it to their offspring

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26
Q

eubacteria

A

Lack nucleus dna is in cytoplasm contain true bacteria mitchodria chloroplast

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27
Q

Archae

A

Organism with no nucleus live in environments that are similiar to early earth

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28
Q

eukaryota

A

are 20+kingdoms of them only one with nucleus

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29
Q

what is the simplest and assymetrical animal phylum

A

porifera

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30
Q

what are a radially symmetrical phylum

A

the Cnidaria

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31
Q

What are the three major Billateral Branches

A

Lophotrocozoa ecydysozoa and deuterostomia

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32
Q

lophotrocozoa

A

animals that share a trocophore larvae squida and slugs earthworms

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33
Q

Ecdysozoa

A

Shed external cuticles as they grow like bugs END OF CHAPTER4

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34
Q

what is abiotic energy flow

A

transfer of energy like heat

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35
Q

biomass

A

drymass of a population or community

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36
Q

biotic energy

A

transfer of energy through consumtion factoring loss by heat and waste

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37
Q

why are ecosystems limited in biomass

A

because biomass can only be sustained by the likes of the lowest member on the food chain

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38
Q

how does a plant use photosynthesis to make carbohydrates

A

C6H12O6 glucose

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39
Q

how do it use those carbohydrates

A

to form ATP

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40
Q

what do we do with organic matter taken from plants

A

use their energy to crea long term structures and ATP

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41
Q

Gross production

A

Long term structures

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42
Q

what are the three common measures of energy efficiencyr

A

biomass energy stored carbon stored

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43
Q

carbon storage

A

How much carbon does a plant sequester from the atmosphere per unit of time

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44
Q

energy stored

A

how many calories are released if we burn source

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45
Q

why is biomass important to understand panic grass

A

because it can be used as a new biofuel

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46
Q

what is ATP

A

is used for cellular respiration ADP metabolism cell division enzymatic reactions catabolic and anabolic reactions

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47
Q

gross product

A

total amount of organic matter stored

48
Q

net product

A

gross product - cellular respiration

49
Q

newtons to laws

A

energy can not be created nore destroyed and from order to chaos

50
Q

catabolic

A

break big molecules to small

51
Q

anabolic

A

build big from small

52
Q

energy of activation

A

energy needed for reaction

53
Q

what is an enzyme

A

lock and key that facilitates these reactions

54
Q

what is energy efficiency

A

biomass gains from foods

55
Q

why is energy lost

A

because of waste and heat

56
Q

how much energy gets passed from levels

A

1%-20%

57
Q

which communities have highest biomas

A

swamps and marshes due to headwaters

58
Q

eating lower on food chain

A

is bad only if animals we eat compete with us for those foods like cows and corn

59
Q

how can meat increase the calorie per person

A

Have to stop making them compete with us for food sources

60
Q

how are fossil fuel and solar energy related

A

Both create heat

61
Q

how do we reduce fossil fuel

A

gov needs to + cost of oil and subsidize cost of alternative fuel source

62
Q

Potential energy

A

unused energy that has the ability to do work

63
Q

Kinetic energy

A

thermal energy or heat

64
Q

First law energy efficiency

A

energy need to complete a process 50% wasted

65
Q

second law of efficiency

A

how well matched energy use is with quality of the energy source 10-15% waste

66
Q

congregation clustering

A

grabbing waste heat and reusing it

67
Q

conservation

A

using less energy

68
Q

efficiency

A

getting more out of energy and minimizing waste

69
Q

hard approach

A

coal oil and nuclear energy

70
Q

soft approach

A

hydroelectric tidal solar and wind energy

71
Q

3 R’s

A

reduce consumption reuse materials and recycle garbage+

72
Q

bio mimicry

A

looks at biological designs like asiatic hornets

73
Q

asiatic hornets

A

cell pigments allows for harnessing solar energy

eND OF CHAPTER8

74
Q

Extended phenotype

A

Propensity for developing culture

75
Q

Ecological determinism

A

Our ecology shapes our culture

76
Q

terrestrial biome

A

a large area on the planet that is categorized by its vegetation

77
Q

limit of tolerance

A

range of temperature and moisture change that a creature can survive

78
Q

how does it impact distribution

A

species will live within their limit of tolerance

79
Q

what is stratification

A

distribution of creatures both horizontally and vertically

80
Q

principle terrestrial biomes

A

desert,savannah,chapparal/scrubland,temperate grassland, temperate broadleaf, the taiga/coniferous/boreal,tundra

81
Q

savannah

A

semiarid to semihumid grass and small shrub human origin

82
Q

chapparal

A

is a dry cooler and cold in winter

83
Q

temperate grassland

A

transition into marshes

84
Q

temperate broadleaf

A

three layer canopy forest

85
Q

The taiga/coniferous/boreal

A

largest biome

86
Q

Tundra

A

Alpine Arctic and antarctic characterized by permafrost

87
Q

why are there many muskeg on the tundra

A

it is a bog the underlying permafrost

88
Q

Pingo

A

small mounds of ice covered with dirt and vegetation

89
Q

arctic animals

A

hair horns are closer to body fur on feet

90
Q

fireweed

A

grew when people made roads

91
Q

FAP

A

fixed actions pattern like when duck bring in animals that are not their brood

92
Q

inclusive fitness

A

the percentage of your genes that are left behind through you or your kin

93
Q

dilusion

A

predators may grab orphans instead of your offspring

94
Q

lavitical adoptions

A

adopting a siblings child

95
Q

kin selection

A

favoring your own kin over others

96
Q

lekking

A

when males compete for females

97
Q

adaptationist approach

A

process by which animal become fitted to their environment

98
Q

Maring tribe in new guinea

A

loves pigs burns villages

99
Q

swidden agriculture

A

when a crop is burned makes soil rich

100
Q

Kaiko ritual

A

tree is planted after war after it get so high war start again

101
Q

what is the pig cycle and its effect

A

eat all pet pigs gave energy appeased ancestors birthrates increased

102
Q

seperation of pigs

A

caused parasite born illinesses

103
Q

totemism

A

people tend not to eat totem animals like frog pird pig

104
Q

middle east pig relation

A

hate them, cant survive well in climate,whiles cows can

105
Q

salem witch hunt

A

due to crop failures hunger and disease was punishment/curse

106
Q

why did ttobacco increase slave

A

harsh on land moved often needed more labor

107
Q

positive feedback

A

an increase in an outcome like death

108
Q

who are pele and heheyaka

A

pele is fire goddess heheyaka is life/primarysuccesion goddess

109
Q

what other species has slaves

A

hyenas and wasp

110
Q

why yanommami violence

A

generally over women and migration of game meat

111
Q

cultural determinism

A

is the belief that the culture in which we are raised determines who we are at emotional and behavioral levels

112
Q

environmental determinism

A

is the belief that the physical environment predisposes human social development towards particular trajectories

113
Q

Austrailian experiment

A

bicultural, using Australian norms at work and Irish or Italian norms at home

114
Q

why is africa so poor and fimine stricken

A

deserts are expanding outward

115
Q

why was peanut farming so bad

A

Nitrogen fertilizer

Accounting (19 decks)

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