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E&M > MMT > Flashcards

MMT Flashcards

1
Q

Force exerted by a muscle or group of muscles to overcome resistance in one max effort

A

Strength

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2
Q

Work/time

A

Power

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3
Q

Ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly over time

A

Endurance

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4
Q

A muscle or muscle group that makes major contributions to movement at a joint

A

Agonist or prime mover

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5
Q

A muscle that contracts and works along with the agonist to produced desired movement

A

Synergist

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6
Q

3 types of synergists

A
  1. Neutralizing or counteracting
  2. Conjoint
  3. Stabilizing or fixating
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7
Q

Muscles that contract to prevent unwanted movements produced by prime mover

A

Neutralizing or counteracting synergist

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8
Q

2 or more muscles that work together to produce desired movement

A

Conjoint synergist

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9
Q

Muscles that prevent movement or control movement at joints proximal to moving joint to provide a stable base

A

Stabilizing or fixating synergist

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10
Q

6 precautions for MMT

A
  1. Extreme pain/edema
  2. Extreme weakness
  3. MD says no
  4. Cardiac conditions
  5. Osteoporosis
  6. Limitations in cog/emotional status
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11
Q

6 probable contraindications for MMT

A
  1. Unhealed fracture
  2. Serious tear
  3. Neoplasm
  4. Pain of unknown etiology
  5. Thrombophlebitis
  6. Inflammation
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12
Q

New abnormal growth of tissue

A

Neoplasm

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13
Q

Inflammation in walls of a vein

A

Thrombophlebitis

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14
Q

Always have pt perform ______ before MMT

A

AROM

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15
Q

If pt cant perform full AROM….

A

Reposition in gravity-eliminated position

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16
Q

Where do you apply resistance for a break test?

A

Near distal end of segment to which muscle attaches

17
Q

Difference between break test and active resistive testing

A

Break test: isometric

Active resistive: resistance against direction of movement thru ROM

18
Q

When would active resistance/dynamic testing be a good MMT for a pt?

A

Unstable angina, acute MI

19
Q

Which MMT is better for assessing endurance?

A

Active resistive/dynamic testing

20
Q

More objective MMT

A

Break test

21
Q

2 things that are difficult to assess in break test

A
  1. Functional strength

2. Fatigue

22
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 5

A

Cannot break the hold against max resistance

23
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 4

A

Can tolerate strong resistance; muscle gives with max resistance

24
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 3+

A

Holds end position against resistance

25
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 3

A

Completes full ROM against gravity

26
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 3-

A

Does not complete ROM but greater than 1/2 range

27
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 2+

A

Initiates movement against gravity OR in gravity minimized position w slight resistance

28
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 2

A

Completes full ROM in gravity eliminated position

29
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 2-

A

Completes partial ROM in gravity eliminated position

30
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 1

A

Examiner can detect contractile activity, but no movement

31
Q

Describe the MMT grade: 0

A

Muscle is completely quiet

32
Q

4 ways to improve reliability of MMT

A
  1. Standardize position
  2. Stabilization of proximal body parts
  3. Using grading criteria
  4. Intrarater
33
Q

6 things that cause variance in measurement of hand-held dynamometry

A
  1. Method of applying resistance
  2. Body position in relation to gravity
  3. Joint angle
  4. Lever arm
  5. Stabilization
  6. Examiner’s strength
34
Q

Isokinetic dynamometry can measure….

A

Torque, work, endurance

35
Q

When finding muscle weakness, assess _____________

A

Muscle length

36
Q

2 types of muscle weakness + define

A
  1. Stretch weakness: muscles remain in an elongated position (postural)
  2. Over-stretch weakness: from multi-joint muscles; from repetitive or habitual stretching that elongate

E&M (24 decks)

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