MMT

Question 1

Force exerted by a muscle or group of muscles to overcome resistance in one max effort

Answer 1

Strength

Question 2

Work/time

Answer 2

Power

Question 3

Ability of a muscle to contract repeatedly over time

Answer 3

Endurance

Question 4

A muscle or muscle group that makes major contributions to movement at a joint

Answer 4

Agonist or prime mover

Question 5

A muscle that contracts and works along with the agonist to produced desired movement

Answer 5

Synergist

Question 6

3 types of synergists

Answer 6

1. Neutralizing or counteracting
2. Conjoint
3. Stabilizing or fixating

Question 7

Muscles that contract to prevent unwanted movements produced by prime mover

Answer 7

Neutralizing or counteracting synergist

Question 8

2 or more muscles that work together to produce desired movement

Answer 8

Conjoint synergist

Question 9

Muscles that prevent movement or control movement at joints proximal to moving joint to provide a stable base

Answer 9

Stabilizing or fixating synergist

Question 10

6 precautions for MMT

Answer 10

1. Extreme pain/edema
2. Extreme weakness
3. MD says no
4. Cardiac conditions
5. Osteoporosis
6. Limitations in cog/emotional status

Question 11

6 probable contraindications for MMT

Answer 11

1. Unhealed fracture
2. Serious tear
3. Neoplasm
4. Pain of unknown etiology
5. Thrombophlebitis
6. Inflammation

Question 12

New abnormal growth of tissue

Answer 12

Neoplasm

Question 13

Inflammation in walls of a vein

Answer 13

Thrombophlebitis

Question 14

Always have pt perform ______ before MMT

Answer 14

AROM

Question 15

If pt cant perform full AROM….

Answer 15

Reposition in gravity-eliminated position

Question 16

Where do you apply resistance for a break test?

Answer 16

Near distal end of segment to which muscle attaches

Question 17

Difference between break test and active resistive testing

Answer 17

Break test: isometric

Active resistive: resistance against direction of movement thru ROM

Question 18

When would active resistance/dynamic testing be a good MMT for a pt?

Answer 18

Unstable angina, acute MI

Question 19

Which MMT is better for assessing endurance?

Answer 19

Active resistive/dynamic testing

Question 20

More objective MMT

Answer 20

Break test

Question 21

2 things that are difficult to assess in break test

Answer 21

1. Functional strength

2. Fatigue

Question 22

Describe the MMT grade: 5

Answer 22

Cannot break the hold against max resistance

Question 23

Describe the MMT grade: 4

Answer 23

Can tolerate strong resistance; muscle gives with max resistance

Question 24

Describe the MMT grade: 3+

Answer 24

Holds end position against resistance

Question 25

Describe the MMT grade: 3

Answer 25

Completes full ROM against gravity

Question 26

Describe the MMT grade: 3-

Answer 26

Does not complete ROM but greater than 1/2 range

Question 27

Describe the MMT grade: 2+

Answer 27

Initiates movement against gravity OR in gravity minimized position w slight resistance

Question 28

Describe the MMT grade: 2

Answer 28

Completes full ROM in gravity eliminated position

Question 29

Describe the MMT grade: 2-

Answer 29

Completes partial ROM in gravity eliminated position

Question 30

Describe the MMT grade: 1

Answer 30

Examiner can detect contractile activity, but no movement

Question 31

Describe the MMT grade: 0

Answer 31

Muscle is completely quiet

Question 32

4 ways to improve reliability of MMT

Answer 32

1. Standardize position 2. Stabilization of proximal body parts 3. Using grading criteria 4. Intrarater

Question 33

6 things that cause variance in measurement of hand-held dynamometry

Answer 33

1. Method of applying resistance 2. Body position in relation to gravity 3. Joint angle 4. Lever arm 5. Stabilization 6. Examiner's strength

Question 34

Isokinetic dynamometry can measure....

Answer 34

Torque, work, endurance

Question 35

When finding muscle weakness, assess _____________

Answer 35

Muscle length

Question 36

2 types of muscle weakness + define

Answer 36

1. Stretch weakness: muscles remain in an elongated position (postural) 2. Over-stretch weakness: from multi-joint muscles; from repetitive or habitual stretching that elongate