Mitral Regurgitation Flashcards
What is mitral regurgitation
Blood back flow during systole
What are the causes of MR
Myxomatous Mitral valve Ischaemic MR - 2nd to MI Ruptured chordae tendinae Prosthetic Valve MR Marfans and ED
What are the presentations of MR
Exertional dyspnoea
Pan systolic murmur
Soft S1
What are the complications of MR
Heart Fail
Thromboembolism 2nd to AF
Infective endocartitis
What murmur is found in MR
Pansystolic murmur @ expiration in apex
What heart sound is present in MR
Quiet S1
What are the findings in decompensated Heart Fail
Bilateral lung crepitation
Raised JVP
S3/S4 sound
Peripheral oedema
What is the gold standard investigation for MR
Echocardiogram
What findings diagnose MR in echocardiogram
Regurgitant jet size and pressure
Valve lesion size
LA enlargement/systolic dysfunction
What investigations are used in Mitral Regurgitation
Echocardiogram
ECG (LA enlarged/Pul.oedema)
CXR
What findings are on an ECG for MR
P-mitrale (Broad P wave)
LV hypertrophy
Left axis deviation
What are the two surgical options for Mitral regurgitation
Mitral valvuloplasty/repair
Mitral valve replacement
-requires life anticoagualtion
What is Mitral valve prolapse
Bulging of mitral valve leaflets into left atrium during systole
How is Mitral valve prolapse diagnosed
Echocardiogram
-sytolic dysplacement of leaflet in LA
What are the symptoms of Mitral valve prolapse
Chest pain
Palpitation
Dyspnoea
Exercise intolerance
