Aortic Stenosis Flashcards
What is Aortic Stenosis
The narrowing and calcification of the aortic valve opening causing LV dilation
What is the symptoms triad for Aortic stenosis (SAD)
Syncope
Angina
Dyspnoea
What are the signs of Aortic stenosis
Slow rising carotid pulse
Narrow pulse pressue
Ejection systolic murmur @ Right 2nd IC
S4 Sound
How would you describe the heart sound in Aortic stenosis
Loud S4 Sound
What can Aortic stenosis show on ECG
(left ventricular hypertrophy)
Tall QRS
Left axis deviation
Poor R regression
What can a chest x ray show for aortic stenosis
Cardiomegaly or calcified aortic valve
What is the gold standard investigation for Aortic stenosis
Doppler ECHO
- tall peak gradient
- valve area<1cm
What investigations can be done for Aortic stenosis
ECG Chest X ray Doppler ECHO Exercise tolerance Cardiac MRI
What are the two surgical interventions for aortic stenosis
TAVI or SAVR
When is SAVR used
Patients <75 and low risk
When is TAVI used
Patients >75 with comorbidities
What is the medical treatment for Aortic stenosis
Treatment for heart fail
- BB
- ACEi
- Diuretics
What can cause Aortic stenosis
Idiopathic
Rheumatic Heart Disease
Old age calcification
What differential also causes S4 sound in young men
Hypetrophic Cardiomyopathy
