Aortic Regurgitation Flashcards

1
Q

What is Aortic regurgitation

A

Backflow of bloodflow across the aortic valve in diastole due to incompetent valve

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2
Q

What are the causes of AR

A

Infective endocartitis (valve destruction and leaflet perforation)
Aortic dissection (impeding valve closure)
Valve leaflet rupture (chest trauma)
Iatrogenic (balloon valvotomy or TAVI)
Congenital Bicuspid valve
Marfans and ED

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3
Q

What is aortic root dilation

A

Incomplete valve closure
Causes
-Bicuspid aortic valve
-Marfan’s and Ehler’s

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4
Q

What are the presentations of AR

A

Sudden collapse
Pulmonary oedema
Pallor
Sweating

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5
Q

What are the findings in AR

A
Collapsing Corrigans Pulse
De Musset's sign (head bobbing with beat)
Wide pulse pressure
EARLY DIASTOLIC MURMUR @ Right 2nd IC
Austin Flint murmur (Severe)
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6
Q

What is the heart sound in AR

A

Soft S1

Ejection systolic murmur

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7
Q

What is the diagnostic test for AR

A

Echocardiogram

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8
Q

What other investigation except echocardiogram is used in AR

A

Cardiac MRI - moderate

Cardiac catheterisation/angiogram - if MRI is inconclusive (invasive)

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9
Q

What is the medical management of AR

A

IE Prophylaxis
Slow aortic root dilation with betablocker and losartan
3 monthly checkup

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10
Q

What is the surgical management of AR

A

Aortic valve repair

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11
Q

What is the Austin flint murmur

A

Severe AR where regurgitation causes blood to bounce off mitral valve and make sound

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