Aortic Regurgitation Flashcards
What is Aortic regurgitation
Backflow of bloodflow across the aortic valve in diastole due to incompetent valve
What are the causes of AR
Infective endocartitis (valve destruction and leaflet perforation)
Aortic dissection (impeding valve closure)
Valve leaflet rupture (chest trauma)
Iatrogenic (balloon valvotomy or TAVI)
Congenital Bicuspid valve
Marfans and ED
What is aortic root dilation
Incomplete valve closure
Causes
-Bicuspid aortic valve
-Marfan’s and Ehler’s
What are the presentations of AR
Sudden collapse
Pulmonary oedema
Pallor
Sweating
What are the findings in AR
Collapsing Corrigans Pulse De Musset's sign (head bobbing with beat) Wide pulse pressure EARLY DIASTOLIC MURMUR @ Right 2nd IC Austin Flint murmur (Severe)
What is the heart sound in AR
Soft S1
Ejection systolic murmur
What is the diagnostic test for AR
Echocardiogram
What other investigation except echocardiogram is used in AR
Cardiac MRI - moderate
Cardiac catheterisation/angiogram - if MRI is inconclusive (invasive)
What is the medical management of AR
IE Prophylaxis
Slow aortic root dilation with betablocker and losartan
3 monthly checkup
What is the surgical management of AR
Aortic valve repair
What is the Austin flint murmur
Severe AR where regurgitation causes blood to bounce off mitral valve and make sound