Hypertension Flashcards
What is the clinical value of Hypertension
140/90
What is the at home (ABPM) value of hypertension
135/85
What is the cause of primary hypertension
Idiopathic
What is the cause of secondary hypertension
Known cause CKD =MC due to diabetic nephropathy Phaeochromocytoma Conns Cushings
What are the risk factors for hypertension
Age Black Obesity Sed life Smoking Diabetes Hyperlipidemia
What are the values of stage 1, 2 and 3 (clinical and ABPM)
1 = 140/90 AND 135/85 2= 160/100 AND 150/95 3= 180/110 (Either)
If a patent presents with >180/>110 BP, what should be done
Start treatment immediately
What is the pathology of HTN
Increase RAAS and SNS = CO and Increase TPR
BP = CO x TPR so BP increases
What is the equation for blood pressure
C0 X TPR
What is malignant HTN
Diastolic >120
- Heart fail
- Blurred vision
- Renal fail and haeamturia
- Headache and cerebral haemorrhage
How is HTN diagnosed
BP @hospital = 140/90
24hr ABPM = 135/85
Asses organ damage
How is End organ damage assessed in HTN diagnosis
Fundoscopy (Pappiloedema)
Urianylsis and EGFR (Renal function)
ECHO/ECG (LVH)
How is HTN treated for a patient under 55
ACE (ARB if cough)
+CCB
+Thiazide (Bendroflumethiazide)
+ Alpha/Beta blocker (high potassium) or + Spiranolactone if low potassium)
How is HTN treated for a patient over 55
CCB \+ACE \+Thiazide \+Alpha/Beta blocker (high K) \+Spiranolactone (Low K)
How is HTN treated for a Black African
CCB \+ACE \+Thiazide \+Alpha/Beta blocker (high K) \+Spiranolactone (Low K)
