Mitosis Flashcards
Define: contractile ring
Protein filaments that encircles the metaphase plate
What is the contractile ring responsible for?
For pinching the cell until it separates into two cells
Define: cytokinesis
The final part of an phase where the cell splits into two independent cells
Define: kinetechores
Sites on chromatids where microtubules bind to make kinetechore microtubules
Define: metaphase
The third stage of mitosis where kinetochore microtubules align sister chromatids along the metaphase plate at the center of the cell
Define: metaphase plate
An imaginary line where chromosomes align during metaphase
Define: anaphase
The fourth stage of mitosis where the chromosomes are separated and pulled to opposite ends of the cell
Define: Mitotic spindle
Microtubules that form between opposite poles of a cell during mitosis.
Define: Prophase
The first stage of mitosis, during which chromatin condenses to form the chromosomes.
Telophase
The final stage of mitosis where the daughter chromosomes move towards opposite ends of the nuclear spindle.
What is the purpose of the centromere?
it holds the two chromatins together and it is where kinetochores are formed
What is the name of the structure that forms during prophase and is responsible for aligning chromosomes in later mitotic phases?
the mitotic spindle which is responsible for organizing chromosomes for later separation.
What is the name of the structure that forms on the centromere of a chromosome during late prophase?
kinetochore
What happens during metaphase?
The kinetochore microtubules move the chromosomes to align them in the metaphase plate
Whah happens during anaphase?
the kinetochore motors retract, increasing the separation of the sister chromatids. They move further toward opposite spindle poles
