Cell Signaling Receptors

Question 1

Define: ligand

Answer 1

The signal that binds to the receptor

Question 2

Define: binding receptors

Answer 2

Binds to specific molecules that stick cells together

Question 3

Are binding receptors permanent?

Answer 3

Some are, but some are temporary

Question 4

Define: transport proteins

Answer 4

Gated channels

Question 5

Define: activator receptors

Answer 5

Cell signaling receptors

Question 6

What are G proteins?

Answer 6

They bind to GTP or GDP, and are molecular clocks

Question 7

What do G proteins do?

Answer 7

They convert GTP to GDP slowly using GTPase

Question 8

What are the two heterotrimeric G proteins?

Answer 8

GEF and GAP

Question 9

What does GTP break into?

Answer 9

Pi and GDP

Question 10

What is GEF?

Answer 10

GTP exchange proteins

Question 11

What is GAP?

Answer 11

GTPase activating proteins

Question 12

How do heterotrimeric G proteins receptors work?

Answer 12

1. Ligand binds

2. GEF cause GDP to fall off and GTP to bind causing it to activate

Question 13

What happens during a phosphorylation cascade?

Answer 13

Signal amplification happens where one ligand can cause 1 billion response proteins

Question 14

Define: receptors

Answer 14

Receiving unit for signals that bind to specific molecules based on shape and charge