mish mash Flashcards
vagus nerve
activation typically leads to reduction in HR, BP, or both
if circulatory changes are great enough, vasovagal syncope (sudden drop in CO causes cerebral hypoperfusion)
parasympathetic
suction nota bene x4
- hyperoxygenate with 100% O2 - 2 minutes before and after
- stop advancing catheter upon meeting resistance or at cough
- suction when going out, intermittent, no longer than 10 seconds
- can stimulate vagus nerve - HR drops (stop and hyperoxygenate)
pernicious anemia
decrease in red blood cells when the body can’t absorb enough vitamin B-12
risk factor for stomach cancer
achlorhydria
absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric secretions
risk factor for stomach cancer
s/s stomach obstruction + tx
abdominal distention
N/V
pain
tx: NPO, NG tube to suction for decompression
Schilling’s Test
measures urinary excretion of B-12 for dx of pernicious anemia
primary prevention
prevent actual occurrence (sunblock, not smoking, etc)
secondary prevention
screenings to detect early disease - greater chance for cure or control
infiltration vs extravasation
leak vs irritant
s/s extravasation
pain, swelling, no blood return
dehiscence
wound separating
evisceration
organs out
mydriasis
pupil dilation
miosis
pupil constriction
venturi mask
most accurate oxygen delivery system
patients at risk for CO2 retention (ex: COPD patients) benefit because FiO2 can be controlled
nasal canula
low-flow delivery system
aerosol mask
most often used for high humidity
BiPAP (use)
when additional pressure support needed with ventilation
hgb/hct indicating need for prbc transfusion
8.0 / 24.0
or lower
McBurney’s Sign
deep tenderness or pain at McBurney’s Point (one-third the distance from the right anterior iliac spine and the navel)
indicative of acute appendicitis
Brudzinski’s sign
physically demonstrable symptom of meningitis
due to severe neck stiffness, if neck is flexed, hips and knees flex
Cullen’s sign
superficial edema and bruising in sq fat tissue around belly button
indicative of
- severe, acute pancreatitis (most common)
- ruptured ectopic pregnancy
Ortolani’s sign
test for developmental dysplasia of the hip in kiddoes
- flex infant hip/knees to 90 degrees
- anterior pressure on greater trochanter
- abduct
positive: clunk
papule
solid elevated lesion not containing fluid
pustule
small elevated lesion containing pus
nodule
small, palpable, firm lesion
cyst
raised, encapsulated lesion filled with fluid
macule
flat area of altered color or texture
ex: freckle
bulla
blister
Grey Turner’s Sign
bruising of the flank
per Jud, see this and you’re fucked because SEVERE acute pancreatitis
contact precautions
- private room or cohort client
- gloves, gown when in contact with client
for direct (care, handling contaminated body fluids) and indirect contact (fomites; contaminated instruments or hands) with patients and their environment - MRS. WEE
droplet precautions
- surgical mask w/in 3 feet of pt
- hand hygiene
- dedicated care equipment
- private room (or cohort client)
- mask on client when leave room
for disease transmitted by large droplets that travel 3-6 feet - SPIDERMAn
airborne precautions
- negative air flow room (private)
- min 6 to 12 air exchanges / hour
- UV germicide irradiation/high efficiency air
- filter mask, N95 respirator for TB
- mask on client when leaves room (only if necessary)
diseases transmitted by smaller droplets that remain in air for longer - “My Chicken Hez TB”
scoliosis
lateral
kyphosis
thoracic, hunchback
lordosis
lumbar, swayback (lil kids)
fifth disease
caused by human parvovirus B19
- face erythema, lacy red trunk/limb rash, cold-like symptoms prior to onset
- incubation 4-14 days up to 20
- contagious PRIOR to rash
ecchymosis
bruise
petechiae
pinpoint hemorrhages
neurovascular check
pulse color movement sensation cap refill temp
most important check with fractures
neurovascular
metabolic syndrome criteria
3 of 5: waist circumference: 35+ f / 40+ m fasting blood glucose: = 100+ triglycerides: = 150+ sbp: 130+ or dbp: 85+ hdl under 50f / 40m
OR taking prescription for: bg, tg, bp
