miscellaneous drugs and questions Flashcards by Kristin Shaw

clindamycin coverage

gram positive aerobes including MRSA and enterococci
anaerobic coverage (peptostreptococcus)

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clindamycin use

skin and soft tissue
dental infections of children
respiratory infection
necrotizing fascilitis

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clindamycin ADR

C. diff colitis
D/N
impaired liver fun and neutropenia

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When is clindomycin recommended

gram positive coverage for PCN allergy

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what is clindamycin cross reactive with

macrolides

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fidaxomicin coverage

gram positive aerobe/anaerobes

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fidaxomicin use

c. diff

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fidaxomicin time dependent? static or cidal?

yes, cidal

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tigecycline coverage

gram postive (MRSA)
gram negative (ESBL producing)
anaerobes

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tigecycline use

community acquired pneumonia
skin and soft tissue
intra-abdominal infections

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tigecycline ADR

not for children under 18

GI intolerance, hepatotoxicity, photosensitivity, tooth discoloration

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tigecycline time dependent? static or cidal?

no, concentration dependent and static

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What is bactrim

sulfonamide

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What do sulfonamide do to cell

inhibit folic acid synthesis

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Bactrim coverage

gram positive (MRSA; not for strep); gram negative e.coli

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bactrim use

UTI, Skin and soft tissue, opportunistic infections (pneumocytosis, nocardia, toxoplasmosis)

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ADR Bactrim

photosensitivity, bone marrow suppression, hyperkalemia

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DDI Bactrim

warfarin, phenytoin

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Bactrim and warfarin

anticoagulant effect can double; reduce warfarin dose by 1/2 to prevent excessive bleeding

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bactrim and phenytoin

bactrim can displace phenytoin from binding site, amplifying phenytoin levels

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Contraindications for bactrim

folic acid deficiency, G6PD deficiency and sulfa allergy

linezolid coverage

gram positive only (MSSE and VRE)

linezolid use

pneumonia, skin and soft tissue, bacteremia and sepsis

What kind of drug is linezolid

MAOI

linezolid and SSRI

SEROTONIN SYNDROME

linezolid and atypical anti-psychotics

deadly because amplification of NE/E

What do you want to avoid eating with linezolid

tyramine containing food; maintain for 2 weeks after discontinued

is linezolid time or concentration dependent

time

daptomycin coverage

gram postive (MRSA and VRE (3rd line))

daptomycin use

skin and soft tissue, bacteremia and endocarditis, osteomyelitis

daptomycin ADR

musculoskeletal effects (monitor CPK), hematological effect (monitor CBC)

is daptomycin time or concentration dependent

concentration; cidal

daptomycin is not use to treat what disease and why?

pneumonia because it binds to surfactant

synercid coverage

gram positive only (MRSA and VRE (3rd line))

synercid use

skin and soft tissue

synercid ADR

myalgia(monitor CPK), can induce c.diff, hyperbilirubin

is synercid time or concentration dependent

time; cidal

synercid is only effective against with enterococcus

enterococcus faecium (VRE)

metronidazole coverage

gold-standard anaerobic drug

metronidazole use

c. diff (1st line), intra-abdominal infections, vaginosis

metronidazole ADR

BBW- peripheral neuropathy

Do not use metronidazole with?

alcohol because it inhibits acetylaldehye--> toxic hangover | don't use during treatment or 2-7 days after

muprinocin coverage

gram positive cocci (MSSA and MRSA)

muprinocin use

impetigo and eczema; prevent MRSA from spreading

how to use muprinocin

don't use for large areas and don't put on large surgical wounds or open cuts because high resistance rate

What drugs treat MRSA

ceftaroline, clindamycin, tetracyclin, tigecycline, Bactrim, vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin, synercid, mupirocin

What drugs treat pseudomonas

Zosyn, Timentin, Aztreonam, Carbapenems (except ertapenem), ceftazidime, cefepime, ciproloxacin, levofloxacin, AMG

What drugs treat C. diff

Metronidazole (first line), oral VANCO (2nd line),fidaxomicin

What drugs cause C. diff

clindamycin, synercid

What is drug of choice for ESBL

Carbapenems (tigecycline 2nd line)

What drugs cause QT prolongation

macrolides, FQN, telavancin

What drugs cause photosensitivity

tetracyclines, tigecycline, bactrim,