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Pharmacology > miscellaneous drugs and questions > Flashcards

miscellaneous drugs and questions Flashcards

1
Q

clindamycin coverage

A 
gram positive aerobes including MRSA and enterococci
anaerobic coverage (peptostreptococcus)
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2
Q

clindamycin use

A

skin and soft tissue
dental infections of children
respiratory infection
necrotizing fascilitis

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3
Q

clindamycin ADR

A

C. diff colitis
D/N
impaired liver fun and neutropenia

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4
Q

When is clindomycin recommended

A

gram positive coverage for PCN allergy

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5
Q

what is clindamycin cross reactive with

A

macrolides

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6
Q

fidaxomicin coverage

A

gram positive aerobe/anaerobes

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7
Q

fidaxomicin use

A

c. diff

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8
Q

fidaxomicin time dependent? static or cidal?

A

yes, cidal

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9
Q

tigecycline coverage

A 
gram postive (MRSA)
gram negative (ESBL producing)
anaerobes
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10
Q

tigecycline use

A

community acquired pneumonia
skin and soft tissue
intra-abdominal infections

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11
Q

tigecycline ADR

A

not for children under 18

GI intolerance, hepatotoxicity, photosensitivity, tooth discoloration

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12
Q

tigecycline time dependent? static or cidal?

A

no, concentration dependent and static

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13
Q

What is bactrim

A

sulfonamide

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14
Q

What do sulfonamide do to cell

A

inhibit folic acid synthesis

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15
Q

Bactrim coverage

A

gram positive (MRSA; not for strep); gram negative e.coli

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16
Q

bactrim use

A

UTI, Skin and soft tissue, opportunistic infections (pneumocytosis, nocardia, toxoplasmosis)

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17
Q

ADR Bactrim

A

photosensitivity, bone marrow suppression, hyperkalemia

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18
Q

DDI Bactrim

A

warfarin, phenytoin

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19
Q

Bactrim and warfarin

A

anticoagulant effect can double; reduce warfarin dose by 1/2 to prevent excessive bleeding

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20
Q

bactrim and phenytoin

A

bactrim can displace phenytoin from binding site, amplifying phenytoin levels

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21
Q

Contraindications for bactrim

A

folic acid deficiency, G6PD deficiency and sulfa allergy

22
Q

linezolid coverage

A

gram positive only (MSSE and VRE)

23
Q

linezolid use

A

pneumonia, skin and soft tissue, bacteremia and sepsis

24
Q

What kind of drug is linezolid

A

MAOI

25
Q

linezolid and SSRI

A

SEROTONIN SYNDROME

26
Q

linezolid and atypical anti-psychotics

A

deadly because amplification of NE/E

27
Q

What do you want to avoid eating with linezolid

A

tyramine containing food; maintain for 2 weeks after discontinued

28
Q

is linezolid time or concentration dependent

A

time

29
Q

daptomycin coverage

A

gram postive (MRSA and VRE (3rd line))

30
Q

daptomycin use

A

skin and soft tissue, bacteremia and endocarditis, osteomyelitis

31
Q

daptomycin ADR

A

musculoskeletal effects (monitor CPK), hematological effect (monitor CBC)

32
Q

is daptomycin time or concentration dependent

A

concentration; cidal

33
Q

daptomycin is not use to treat what disease and why?

A

pneumonia because it binds to surfactant

34
Q

synercid coverage

A

gram positive only (MRSA and VRE (3rd line))

35
Q

synercid use

A

skin and soft tissue

36
Q

synercid ADR

A

myalgia(monitor CPK), can induce c.diff, hyperbilirubin

37
Q

is synercid time or concentration dependent

A

time; cidal

38
Q

synercid is only effective against with enterococcus

A

enterococcus faecium (VRE)

39
Q

metronidazole coverage

A

gold-standard anaerobic drug

40
Q

metronidazole use

A

c. diff (1st line), intra-abdominal infections, vaginosis

41
Q

metronidazole ADR

A

BBW- peripheral neuropathy

42
Q

Do not use metronidazole with?

A

alcohol because it inhibits acetylaldehye–> toxic hangover

don’t use during treatment or 2-7 days after

43
Q

muprinocin coverage

A

gram positive cocci (MSSA and MRSA)

44
Q

muprinocin use

A

impetigo and eczema; prevent MRSA from spreading

45
Q

how to use muprinocin

A

don’t use for large areas and don’t put on large surgical wounds or open cuts because high resistance rate

46
Q

What drugs treat MRSA

A

ceftaroline, clindamycin, tetracyclin, tigecycline, Bactrim, vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin, synercid, mupirocin

47
Q

What drugs treat pseudomonas

A

Zosyn, Timentin, Aztreonam, Carbapenems (except ertapenem), ceftazidime, cefepime, ciproloxacin, levofloxacin, AMG

48
Q

What drugs treat C. diff

A

Metronidazole (first line), oral VANCO (2nd line),fidaxomicin

49
Q

What drugs cause C. diff

A

clindamycin, synercid

50
Q

What is drug of choice for ESBL

A

Carbapenems (tigecycline 2nd line)

51
Q

What drugs cause QT prolongation

A

macrolides, FQN, telavancin

52
Q

What drugs cause photosensitivity

A

tetracyclines, tigecycline, bactrim,

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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