Miscellaneous Flashcards
What are the Gq coupled receptors?
HAVe 1 M&M H1 alpha1 V1 M1 and M3
What are the 2 receptors on uterus, and what do they do?
Alpha 1—>contraction
Beta 2—>relaxation
MOA of amphetamine/cocaine/MDMA/TCA?
Amp—>increase release of all 3 (NE/DA/5HT)
MDMA—>increase release of 5HT (happy!)
Cocaine—>block reuptake of NE/DA
TCA—>block reuptake of NE/5HT
Side effects of digoxin?
M agonist including blurry yellow vision (Van Gogh?)
Arrhythmia
Which 2 antibiotics should not be given to children and why?
Fluoroquinolone and doxycycline
Because of side effects
What is buprenorphine and what is it used for?
Partial mu agonist
Combine with naloxone for heroin addiction
Which antidepressant drug work like cocaine? and what is it used?
Bupropion
Alternative to SSRI since no sexual dysfunction
MOA of trazodone? usage?
Block 5HT2a/alpha 1/H1
Insomnia/high dose for antidepressant
Which antidepressant is sometimes used for pt who needs to gain weight? and which SSRI is the only approved drug for bulimia?
Mirtazapine
Fluoxetine
Carve my heart in bits?
Common beta blockers used for heart failure
Carvedilol/metoprolol/bisoprolol
Which muscarinic toxicity caused by AChE inhibitor can not be reversed with atropine?
Muscle paralysis—>since it is mediated by Nm receptor and atropine only blocks M
How do “zosin” treat BPH?
Decrease tone of urinary sphincter
Difference between efficacy and potency?
Efficacy—>max effect a drug can produce regardless of dose
Potency—>amount of drug needed for a given effect (effect must be the same)
Toxicity of theophylline?
Tremor and seizure
Loop and thiazide would increase which hormone?
Aldosterone—>and that’s why you get hypokalemia and alkalosis with them
Dont use class 4 antiarrhythmia in what pts
HF—>it makes it worse
Effect of increasing atropine dosage?
decrease secretion—>mydriasis and cycloplegia—>hyperthermia—>tachy—>urinary retention—>hallucination
What would cause accommodation of near vision?
M agonist
Stimulate what receptor would cause prostate contraction?
Alpha 1
Epi can be used for ___ but NE can not be used for
Asthma (because of beta 2)
MOA of yohimbine? usage?
Alpha 2 antagonist—>postural HoTN and male impotence
What kind of beta blockers block renin release?
Beta 1 selective
Which 2 beta blockers have intrinsic sumpathomimetic activities (partial agonist)?
Pindolol and acebutolol
Which beta blocker cause the highest degree of sedation?
Propranolol
How does closed angle glaucoma occur?
Blockade of canal of schlemm
Nesiritide? used for?
BNP—>increase cGMP—>vasodilate
Acute decompensated HF
Can dobutamine be used in chronic CHF?
No
What metabolic disease can chronic steroid usage cause?
DM
What are doxepin and meclizine?
Doxepin—>TCA
Meclizine—->anti histamine/used for antiemetic for pregos
Dont use ___ for angina prophylaxis for DM pt
Beta blockers
Which lipid lowering drug shouldnt you give if a pt has liver disease? what is another name for it?
Niacin
Nicotinic acid
Which lipid lowering agent is a teratogen?
Statins
TCA would decrease the efficacy of which other antiHTN drug?
Guanethdine—>it uses Uptake 1 for transportation—>TCA blocks reuptake
What electrolyte abnormality worsen Li+ toxicity?
Hyponatremia
What enzyme does carbidopa inhibit?
dopa decarboxylase
Is valproic acid a CYP450 inhibitor or inducer?
Inhibitor
How does opioid affect the gallbladder?
Causes biliary colic (contraction of gallbladder)
What side effects would opioid user not be able to develop tolerance to
Constipation and miosis
What can be used for cocaine and amphetamine withdraw?
TCA (counter depression)
Which 2 doxycycline are excreted in feces?
Mino and doxycycline
Which macrolide can you use for pregnant women?
Erythromycin
Side effect of foscarnet? Ribavirin?
Electrolyte abnormalities—>hypokalemia/hypocalemia
Teratogen
MOA of ergotamine?
Alpha 1 and 5HT2 partial agonist
Carbamazapine and phenytoin both cause?
Aplastic anemia
If the pt is allergic to bactrium, which DM drug cant you give?
Sulfonylurea (sulfa allergy)
Which migraine drug can cause HTN crisis?
Triptans
What can diazoxide used for?
HTN crisis and hyperinsulinism
How does steroid cause osteoporosis?
Increase bone resorption and decrease bone formation
Decrease Ca absorption and increase Ca excretion
Which macrolide does not have CYP450 inhibition effect?
Azithromycin
What electrolyte abnormalities do succinycholine cause? and should be avoided to use in ___ pt
Hyper Ca and hyper K
Burn
Side effect of sirolimus?
Hyperlipidemia/pancytopenia/NOT renal toxic
If a pt is allergic to bactrim, what diuretics cannot be given? and what else?
Loop/thiazide/carbonic anhydrase inhibitor besides erthranyic acid
Celeoxib
What are the 2 special beta blockers? usage?
Carvedilol and labetalol
HTN crisis and pheochromocytoma
Which 2 beta blockers should not be given to angina pt?
Pindolol and acebutolol
What does demeclocycline cause?
nephrogenic DI
Which NSAIDs shouldnt you give to a gouty pt?
Aspirin
DOC for acute gout attack?
Indomethacin
What 2 drugs displace warfarin?
Aspirin and phenytoin
Which anticoagulant is used for pregos?
Xabans
Streptokinase is used with __ to reduce reinfarction and does not cause much more bleeding
Aspirin
cAMP increase or reduce platelet aggregation?
Decrease
Which 2 DM drug increase peripheral glucose uptake?
Metformin and glitazones
Take warfarin will increase or decrease your INR?
Increase (INR is how long it takes for your blood to clot)
Anti CCP antibodies?
RA
Which diuretic cannot be used for crush injury pt?
K sparing diuretics
Crush injury—->myeglobuinemia–>high potassium
K sparing diuretics cause high potassium—>combination is bad
Which anticoagulant has neutropenia as side effect?
Ticlopidine
Affect of anabolic steroids?
Increase EPO—>increase Hb and RBCs
Uterine bleed and acne can be treated with?
estrogen replacement
Which progesterone analog is not androgenic and anti estrogenic
Desogestrel
Effect of iodide on hyperthyroidism?
Inhibit T4 release from the thyroid
What is the synthetic version of somatropin?
Somatrem
What drugs are used to treat steroid induced osteoporosis?
Dronates
What does mycophenolate inhibit?
Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase
Dronabinol?
Increase appetite during chemo therapy
Drugs used for stable angina? can you used beta blockers for vasospasm?
Nitrates/Ca channel blockers/beta blockers
No
Drugs that decrease mortality for stable angina pt
Beta blocker/nitroglycerin/aspirin
DOC for raynaud?
Nifedipine
Ranolazine? side effect?
Block Na current flow in the heart
Torsades
What do PDE3 and 5 break down?
PDE3—>cAMP
cAMP—>phosphorylation of MLCK—>SM relaxation
PDE5—>cGMP
cGMP—>PKG—>dephosphorylation of MLC—>SM relaxation