FA Flashcards
1
Q
MOA of memantine and what is it for?
A
NMDA blocker/Alzheimer’s
2
Q
MOA of cabergoline and what is it for?
A
D agonist like bromocriptine/hyperprolactinemia
3
Q
Histology of hyperacute/acute/chronic transplant rejection>
A
Hyperacute—>thrombosis/DIC/vascular spasm
Acute—>vasculitis/lymphocyte infiltrate
Chronic—>fibrosis—>ischemia
4
Q
Most overdose of what drug causes death in US?
A
Opioid
5
Q
HoTN/Tachy/decrease RA pressure
A
Septic shock (fever might not be there if the pt is either old or immunocompromised)
6
Q
C3a effect
A
Histamine release
7
Q
Most common congenital heart defect
A
Bicuspid aortic valve
8
Q
See a pt with an autoimmune disease
A
Think the possibility of having other autoimmune disease
9
Q
Decrease bicarb comes with
A
Increase chloride
10
Q
glutamate is excitatory or inhibitory?
A
Excitatory
11
Q
Tetrabenazine
A
Huntington’s (chlorea)/like reserpine
12
Q
Milrinone MOA and effect
A
PDE3 inhibitor/increase contractility and vasodilate
13
Q
Ranolazine
A
Decrease O2 consumption/angina
14
Q
Adenosine
A
Increase K out of cell—>hyperpolarization
Terminate SVT
15
Q
carbamazapine cause?
A
Aplastic anemia
16
Q
Benzo used for short term anxiety
A
Lorazepam
17
Q
Most common cause of death in DM pt
A
Cardiovascular disease
18
Q
Coarctation of aorta associated with?
A
Cerebral hemorrhage (berry aneurysm)
19
Q
See kid with viral infection (or adult)
A
think subsequent autoimmune disease like ITP
20
Q
What is on chromosome 14
A
Ig heavy chain
21
Q
Bortezomib
A
Proteasome inhibitor/Multiple myeloma
22
Q
Cilostazol/dipyridamole
A
PDE3 inhibitors
Intermitten claudication/coronary vasodilation
23
Q
Cell mediated vs. humoral \
A
Cell mediated—>macrophages (intracellular)
Humoral—>antibody/complement (extracellular)
24
Q
Mu receptor MOA
A
Increase K efflux—>hyperpolarize
25
Rituximab
Anti CD20/anti B cell
26
Side effect of imatinib
Fluid retention
27
Trastuzumab
against HER2/cardiotoxicity
28
Causes of PCOS
Insulin resistance
29
Theca lutein cyst
Choriocarcinoma/moles
30
Ovarian tumor with fallopian tube epithelium
Serous cystadenoma
31
Ovarian tumor that grow in follicles and gland like with fluid in the middle
Granulosa cells (Call-Exner bodies)
32
Increase in placenta alka phos/fried eggs appearance
Seminoma
33
Increase AFP, what tumor
Yolk sac tumor
34
Period pain/heavy bleeding/uniformly enlarged uterus
Adenomyosis
35
endometrial mass with whorled pattern/sensitive to hormone/bleeding lead to iron deficiency anemia/equivalent in ovary?
Leiomyoma (endometrium)
| Fibroma
36
Danazol
Androgen analog--->decrease FSH/LH--->endometrosis
37
Breast tumor with lymphocytic infiltrate
Medullary carcinoma
38
Peau d'orange
Inflammatory breast cancer--->block lymphatic drainage
39
Grandular/papillary mass in male testis/hemorrhagic
Embryonal
40
Testistical mass/gynecomastia
Leydig cell tumor
41
Thoracic aortic aneurysm
Cystic medial degeneration
42
Cushing triad
HTN/bradycardia/low RR--->increase ICP
43
Terbutaline
Beta 2 agonist--->relax uterus
44
Methadone
Full mu agonist/long half life
45
Immune complex/transmural inflammation/associated with hep B/livdo reticularis what kind of vasculitis?
Polyarteritis nodosa (medium size vessels)
46
associated with antibiotics, what kind of vasculitis?
Microscopic polyangitis
47
Essential tremor treat with
beta blocker
48
Chronic gastritis histology
lymphoid aggregates/atrophy
49
Menetrier disease
Muscosal cell hyperplasia (brain gyri)--->protein loss/decrease gastric acid
50
Pt with long term H.pylori infection came in complained of early satiety and weight lost
Intestinal gastric adenocarcinoma
51
ZE syndrome give rise to ___ ulcer
duodenal ulcer
52
Anterior/posterior ulcer
Anterior--->perforate
| Posterior--->hemorrhage
53
anti endomysial
Celiac
54
decrease duodenal pH/fecal elastase
pancreatic insufficiency
55
Diverticuli MOA
Pulsion--->constipation (false)
56
Inferior phargyneal constrictor
Killian triangle--->zenker
57
Hirschsprung mutation
RET
58
Kids with viral infection, then GI problem
Appendicitis/intussusception
59
Postprandial pain
Chronic mesenteric ischemia
60
CEA
colon cancer marker
61
Fibrosis/regenerative nodule
Cirrhosis
62
shrunken liver
alcoholic cirrhosis
63
Rifaximin
treat hepatic encephalopathy
64
elevated AFP in GI, MC metastisize site
hepatocellular carcinoma/lung
65
Granulomatous destruction of intrahepatic duct
PBC
66
Causes for pancreatic cancer
Smoking/chronic pancreatitis/DM
67
Alkaline tide
Increase blood pH after gastric acid secretion
68
5HT
vasoconstrict/diarrhea
69
Post GI/urethritis infection
Reactive arthritis--->seronegative spondyloarthritis
70
Group A/B strep
Group A--->S. Pyogenes
| Group B--->S. Agalactiae
71
Acamprosate
Alcoholic after they stop drinking
72
Hyperthroydism might have elevated
Beta hCG
73
Variable expressivity
AD
74
Tensor tympani/stapedius muscle innervated by
V3
| VII
75
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Neuroendocrine tumors (small blue cell)
APUD tumor
```
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Pheo
Neuroblastoma
Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
Small cell lung cancer
Carcinoid tumor
```
76
Neonate not developing well/umbilical hernia/big tongue
Think congenital hypothyroidism
77
After viral infection/granulomatous thyroid mass/tender
subacute granulomatous thyroiditis
78
Untreated hyperthyroid--->infection or trauma (stress)
Thyroid storm (tachy arrhythmia--->death)
79
Finely dispersed chromatin/thyroid mass
Papillary carcinoma
80
Pseudohypoparathyroidism/pseudopseudohypoparathyroidisim
Pseudo (defective Gs protein)--->hight PTH--->organ resistance to PTH--->low Ca--->knuckle knuckle dimple dimple
Pseudopseudo--->like pseudo but without organ resistance to PTH
81
Familial hypercalcemia hypocalcuric
Low Ca sensitivity (defective Ca sensing)--->excessive Ca renal reabsorption--->hypocalciuria
82
Pegvisomant
GH receptor antagonist
83
Anti glutamine acid decarboxylase antibodies
DM type 1
84
glucagonoma
Dermatitis (groin)/DM/depression/DVT
85
How to treat delirium?
Haloperidol
86
Tx for diptheria
Antitoxin (passive immunity)--->antibiotic--->active immunization
87
Aneuploidy
Abnormal number of chromosomes
88
Renal disease after an infection, kids
PSGN/minimal exchange
89
VU reflex/proteinaceous material in kidney/atrophic tubule
Chronic pyelonephritis
90
DIC/shock/placental abruption, what happen to the kidneys?
Diffuse cortical necrosis (infarction of both kidneys)
91
Renal failure consequences
High TG/inhibit conversion of T4 to T3--->functional hypothyroidism
92
Indapamide
Thiazide--->no high lipid
93
MC cause of diastolic heart failure
HTN
94
Leukemia that cause pancytopenia
Hairy cell/AML
95
Allergic triad
Rhinitis/dermatitis/asthma
96
Side effect of digoxin/promoted by
Cholinergic/yellow color vision/hyperK/arrhythmia
| Renal deficiency and hypokalemia
97
MC malignant bone tumor
Multiple myeloma--->diaphysis
98
Bimodal age distribution/metaphysis of the bone
Osteosarcoma
99
Small blue cells/diaphysis of the bone/onion skin
Ewing sarcoma
100
Type of hypersensitivity for RA/lupus
Type III (IgM against Fc portion of IgG)
101
Gonococcal arthritis
Arthralgias/tenosynovitis/dermatitis (pustules)
102
Decrease in what is seen in lupus
C3/C4
103
Anti SRP/anti Mi 2 antibodies
Poly/dermatomyositis
104
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Keratin cyst
Neutrophil in corneum
Target like
Hep C
Skin?
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Seborrheic keratosis
Psoriasis
Erythema multiforme
Lichen planus
105
Leflunomide
Inhibit dihydrooroate dehydrogenase--->prevent pyrimidine synthesis--->suppress T cell proliferation
RA
106
Chlodiazepoxide
Benzo
107
Which vasculitis are granulomatous
Giant cell/Takayasu/Wegner/Churg Strauss
108
Father transmit to all daughters, MOI?
X linked dominate
109
sudden onset dyspnea
Think PE
110
Loud S2
Think about pul HTN or ASD
111
Lewy bodies
Contain alpha synuclein (eosinophilic)--->Parkinson
112
Tx for pseudomotor cerebri
Acetazolamide/weight lost
113
slow decrease in central vision/yellow deposit/tx?
Dry age related macular degeneration
| Stop smoking/antioxidant
114
Child/calcification/cholesterol crystal/what brain tumor
Craniopharyngioma
115
Primitive small blue cell/brain tumor in kids?
Medulloblastoma
116
Corkscrew eosinophilic in kids brain tumor
Pilocystic astrocytoma
117
Vitamin B9
Folate
