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Unit 4 > FA > Flashcards

FA Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of memantine and what is it for?

A

NMDA blocker/Alzheimer’s

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2
Q

MOA of cabergoline and what is it for?

A

D agonist like bromocriptine/hyperprolactinemia

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3
Q

Histology of hyperacute/acute/chronic transplant rejection>

A

Hyperacute—>thrombosis/DIC/vascular spasm
Acute—>vasculitis/lymphocyte infiltrate
Chronic—>fibrosis—>ischemia

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4
Q

Most overdose of what drug causes death in US?

A

Opioid

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5
Q

HoTN/Tachy/decrease RA pressure

A

Septic shock (fever might not be there if the pt is either old or immunocompromised)

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6
Q

C3a effect

A

Histamine release

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7
Q

Most common congenital heart defect

A

Bicuspid aortic valve

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8
Q

See a pt with an autoimmune disease

A

Think the possibility of having other autoimmune disease

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9
Q

Decrease bicarb comes with

A

Increase chloride

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10
Q

glutamate is excitatory or inhibitory?

A

Excitatory

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11
Q

Tetrabenazine

A

Huntington’s (chlorea)/like reserpine

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12
Q

Milrinone MOA and effect

A

PDE3 inhibitor/increase contractility and vasodilate

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13
Q

Ranolazine

A

Decrease O2 consumption/angina

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14
Q

Adenosine

A

Increase K out of cell—>hyperpolarization

Terminate SVT

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15
Q

carbamazapine cause?

A

Aplastic anemia

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16
Q

Benzo used for short term anxiety

A

Lorazepam

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17
Q

Most common cause of death in DM pt

A

Cardiovascular disease

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18
Q

Coarctation of aorta associated with?

A

Cerebral hemorrhage (berry aneurysm)

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19
Q

See kid with viral infection (or adult)

A

think subsequent autoimmune disease like ITP

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20
Q

What is on chromosome 14

A

Ig heavy chain

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21
Q

Bortezomib

A

Proteasome inhibitor/Multiple myeloma

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22
Q

Cilostazol/dipyridamole

A

PDE3 inhibitors

Intermitten claudication/coronary vasodilation

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23
Q

Cell mediated vs. humoral \

A

Cell mediated—>macrophages (intracellular)

Humoral—>antibody/complement (extracellular)

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24
Q

Mu receptor MOA

A

Increase K efflux—>hyperpolarize

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25
Q

Rituximab

A

Anti CD20/anti B cell

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26
Q

Side effect of imatinib

A

Fluid retention

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27
Q

Trastuzumab

A

against HER2/cardiotoxicity

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28
Q

Causes of PCOS

A

Insulin resistance

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29
Q

Theca lutein cyst

A

Choriocarcinoma/moles

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30
Q

Ovarian tumor with fallopian tube epithelium

A

Serous cystadenoma

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31
Q

Ovarian tumor that grow in follicles and gland like with fluid in the middle

A

Granulosa cells (Call-Exner bodies)

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32
Q

Increase in placenta alka phos/fried eggs appearance

A

Seminoma

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33
Q

Increase AFP, what tumor

A

Yolk sac tumor

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34
Q

Period pain/heavy bleeding/uniformly enlarged uterus

A

Adenomyosis

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35
Q

endometrial mass with whorled pattern/sensitive to hormone/bleeding lead to iron deficiency anemia/equivalent in ovary?

A

Leiomyoma (endometrium)

Fibroma

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36
Q

Danazol

A

Androgen analog—>decrease FSH/LH—>endometrosis

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37
Q

Breast tumor with lymphocytic infiltrate

A

Medullary carcinoma

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38
Q

Peau d’orange

A

Inflammatory breast cancer—>block lymphatic drainage

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39
Q

Grandular/papillary mass in male testis/hemorrhagic

A

Embryonal

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40
Q

Testistical mass/gynecomastia

A

Leydig cell tumor

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41
Q

Thoracic aortic aneurysm

A

Cystic medial degeneration

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42
Q

Cushing triad

A

HTN/bradycardia/low RR—>increase ICP

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43
Q

Terbutaline

A

Beta 2 agonist—>relax uterus

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44
Q

Methadone

A

Full mu agonist/long half life

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45
Q

Immune complex/transmural inflammation/associated with hep B/livdo reticularis what kind of vasculitis?

A

Polyarteritis nodosa (medium size vessels)

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46
Q

associated with antibiotics, what kind of vasculitis?

A

Microscopic polyangitis

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47
Q

Essential tremor treat with

A

beta blocker

48
Q

Chronic gastritis histology

A

lymphoid aggregates/atrophy

49
Q

Menetrier disease

A

Muscosal cell hyperplasia (brain gyri)—>protein loss/decrease gastric acid

50
Q

Pt with long term H.pylori infection came in complained of early satiety and weight lost

A

Intestinal gastric adenocarcinoma

51
Q

ZE syndrome give rise to ___ ulcer

A

duodenal ulcer

52
Q

Anterior/posterior ulcer

A

Anterior—>perforate

Posterior—>hemorrhage

53
Q

anti endomysial

A

Celiac

54
Q

decrease duodenal pH/fecal elastase

A

pancreatic insufficiency

55
Q

Diverticuli MOA

A

Pulsion—>constipation (false)

56
Q

Inferior phargyneal constrictor

A

Killian triangle—>zenker

57
Q

Hirschsprung mutation

A

RET

58
Q

Kids with viral infection, then GI problem

A

Appendicitis/intussusception

59
Q

Postprandial pain

A

Chronic mesenteric ischemia

60
Q

CEA

A

colon cancer marker

61
Q

Fibrosis/regenerative nodule

A

Cirrhosis

62
Q

shrunken liver

A

alcoholic cirrhosis

63
Q

Rifaximin

A

treat hepatic encephalopathy

64
Q

elevated AFP in GI, MC metastisize site

A

hepatocellular carcinoma/lung

65
Q

Granulomatous destruction of intrahepatic duct

A

PBC

66
Q

Causes for pancreatic cancer

A

Smoking/chronic pancreatitis/DM

67
Q

Alkaline tide

A

Increase blood pH after gastric acid secretion

68
Q

5HT

A

vasoconstrict/diarrhea

69
Q

Post GI/urethritis infection

A

Reactive arthritis—>seronegative spondyloarthritis

70
Q

Group A/B strep

A

Group A—>S. Pyogenes

Group B—>S. Agalactiae

71
Q

Acamprosate

A

Alcoholic after they stop drinking

72
Q

Hyperthroydism might have elevated

A

Beta hCG

73
Q

Variable expressivity

A

AD

74
Q

Tensor tympani/stapedius muscle innervated by

A

V3

VII

75
Q 
Neuroendocrine tumors (small blue cell)
APUD tumor
A 
Pheo
Neuroblastoma 
Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
Small cell lung cancer 
Carcinoid tumor
76
Q

Neonate not developing well/umbilical hernia/big tongue

A

Think congenital hypothyroidism

77
Q

After viral infection/granulomatous thyroid mass/tender

A

subacute granulomatous thyroiditis

78
Q

Untreated hyperthyroid—>infection or trauma (stress)

A

Thyroid storm (tachy arrhythmia—>death)

79
Q

Finely dispersed chromatin/thyroid mass

A

Papillary carcinoma

80
Q

Pseudohypoparathyroidism/pseudopseudohypoparathyroidisim

A

Pseudo (defective Gs protein)—>hight PTH—>organ resistance to PTH—>low Ca—>knuckle knuckle dimple dimple
Pseudopseudo—>like pseudo but without organ resistance to PTH

81
Q

Familial hypercalcemia hypocalcuric

A

Low Ca sensitivity (defective Ca sensing)—>excessive Ca renal reabsorption—>hypocalciuria

82
Q

Pegvisomant

A

GH receptor antagonist

83
Q

Anti glutamine acid decarboxylase antibodies

A

DM type 1

84
Q

glucagonoma

A

Dermatitis (groin)/DM/depression/DVT

85
Q

How to treat delirium?

A

Haloperidol

86
Q

Tx for diptheria

A

Antitoxin (passive immunity)—>antibiotic—>active immunization

87
Q

Aneuploidy

A

Abnormal number of chromosomes

88
Q

Renal disease after an infection, kids

A

PSGN/minimal exchange

89
Q

VU reflex/proteinaceous material in kidney/atrophic tubule

A

Chronic pyelonephritis

90
Q

DIC/shock/placental abruption, what happen to the kidneys?

A

Diffuse cortical necrosis (infarction of both kidneys)

91
Q

Renal failure consequences

A

High TG/inhibit conversion of T4 to T3—>functional hypothyroidism

92
Q

Indapamide

A

Thiazide—>no high lipid

93
Q

MC cause of diastolic heart failure

A

HTN

94
Q

Leukemia that cause pancytopenia

A

Hairy cell/AML

95
Q

Allergic triad

A

Rhinitis/dermatitis/asthma

96
Q

Side effect of digoxin/promoted by

A

Cholinergic/yellow color vision/hyperK/arrhythmia

Renal deficiency and hypokalemia

97
Q

MC malignant bone tumor

A

Multiple myeloma—>diaphysis

98
Q

Bimodal age distribution/metaphysis of the bone

A

Osteosarcoma

99
Q

Small blue cells/diaphysis of the bone/onion skin

A

Ewing sarcoma

100
Q

Type of hypersensitivity for RA/lupus

A

Type III (IgM against Fc portion of IgG)

101
Q

Gonococcal arthritis

A

Arthralgias/tenosynovitis/dermatitis (pustules)

102
Q

Decrease in what is seen in lupus

A

C3/C4

103
Q

Anti SRP/anti Mi 2 antibodies

A

Poly/dermatomyositis

104
Q 
Keratin cyst
Neutrophil in corneum 
Target like
Hep C
Skin?
A

Seborrheic keratosis
Psoriasis
Erythema multiforme
Lichen planus

105
Q

Leflunomide

A

Inhibit dihydrooroate dehydrogenase—>prevent pyrimidine synthesis—>suppress T cell proliferation
RA

106
Q

Chlodiazepoxide

A

Benzo

107
Q

Which vasculitis are granulomatous

A

Giant cell/Takayasu/Wegner/Churg Strauss

108
Q

Father transmit to all daughters, MOI?

A

X linked dominate

109
Q

sudden onset dyspnea

A

Think PE

110
Q

Loud S2

A

Think about pul HTN or ASD

111
Q

Lewy bodies

A

Contain alpha synuclein (eosinophilic)—>Parkinson

112
Q

Tx for pseudomotor cerebri

A

Acetazolamide/weight lost

113
Q

slow decrease in central vision/yellow deposit/tx?

A

Dry age related macular degeneration

Stop smoking/antioxidant

114
Q

Child/calcification/cholesterol crystal/what brain tumor

A

Craniopharyngioma

115
Q

Primitive small blue cell/brain tumor in kids?

A

Medulloblastoma

116
Q

Corkscrew eosinophilic in kids brain tumor

A

Pilocystic astrocytoma

117
Q

Vitamin B9

A

Folate

Unit 4 (28 decks)

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