Mini Exam 7

Question 1

Zone of Inhibition

Answer 1

Where shit don’t grow in disk diffusion test

Question 2

Use dilution test

Answer 2

Find effective concentration
1. Cylinder dipped into culture
2. Dip in disinfectant for 10 minutes
3. Transfer to liquid growth media

Question 3

Disk diffusion test

Answer 3

1. Make a lawn w/ microbe
2. Soak filter paper w/ disinfectant
3. Put paper onto plate
4. Analyze zone of inhibition

Question 4

Hepatitis C Virus

Answer 4

• RNA virus: infects host cell to make MORE virus
• infects LIVER
• asymptomatic for years
• leads to cirrhosis
• can cause liver cancer
• DAA therapy = $1,000/day for 12 weeks

Question 5

Taxonomy

Answer 5

Classification of organisms

Question 6

Binomial Nomenclature

Answer 6

Genus species or G.species (italics/underlined)

Question 7

Phylogeny

Answer 7

evolutionary relationships between organisms

Question 8

Species

Answer 8

Genetically similar organism

Question 9

Strain

Answer 9

Sub-types of a species

Question 10

Clone

Answer 10

Identical organism

Question 11

Cladogram

Answer 11

Schematic representation of evolutionary relationships of organisms aka phylogenetic tree

Question 12

Clade

Answer 12

Group of evolutionarily related organisms

Question 13

Carl Woese

Answer 13

Identified 3 domain system from ribosomal RNA sequencing

Question 14

Worse’s Domains of Life

Answer 14

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Question 15

Endosymbiosic Theory

Answer 15

Mitochondria and chloroplasts (DNA organelles) were bacteria engulfed by an archaeal cell

Question 16

Viruses belong to domain

Answer 16

None, they aren’t alive/cells

Question 17

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Answer 17

• RNA retrovirus: integrates into host GENOME
• infects WBC, leads to AIDS
• STI, spread through blood
• antiretroviral therapy = $2-4K/moth, lifetime

Question 18

Classify

Answer 18

RELATE organisms to each other

Question 19

Identify

Answer 19

DETERMINE which organism(s) are in your sample

Question 20

What allowed endosymbiosis to occur?

Answer 20

A cell with true cytoskeleton, phagocytosis

Question 21

Antibodies

Answer 21

Recognize specific antigens, often proteins; in blood, can be isolated in serum

Question 22

Antigen

Answer 22

Foreign particle, sparks immune response; an antibody recognizes and binds to (ex: spike protein on SARS-CoV-2)