Mini Exam 7 Flashcards
Zone of Inhibition
Where shit don’t grow in disk diffusion test
Use dilution test
Find effective concentration
1. Cylinder dipped into culture
2. Dip in disinfectant for 10 minutes
3. Transfer to liquid growth media
Disk diffusion test
- Make a lawn w/ microbe
- Soak filter paper w/ disinfectant
- Put paper onto plate
- Analyze zone of inhibition
Hepatitis C Virus
- RNA virus: infects host cell to make MORE virus
- infects LIVER
- asymptomatic for years
- leads to cirrhosis
- can cause liver cancer
- DAA therapy = $1,000/day for 12 weeks
Taxonomy
Classification of organisms
Binomial Nomenclature
Genus species or G.species (italics/underlined)
Phylogeny
evolutionary relationships between organisms
Species
Genetically similar organism
Strain
Sub-types of a species
Clone
Identical organism
Cladogram
Schematic representation of evolutionary relationships of organisms aka phylogenetic tree
Clade
Group of evolutionarily related organisms
Carl Woese
Identified 3 domain system from ribosomal RNA sequencing
Worse’s Domains of Life
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Endosymbiosic Theory
Mitochondria and chloroplasts (DNA organelles) were bacteria engulfed by an archaeal cell
Viruses belong to domain
None, they aren’t alive/cells
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
- RNA retrovirus: integrates into host GENOME
- infects WBC, leads to AIDS
- STI, spread through blood
- antiretroviral therapy = $2-4K/moth, lifetime
Classify
RELATE organisms to each other
Identify
DETERMINE which organism(s) are in your sample
What allowed endosymbiosis to occur?
A cell with true cytoskeleton, phagocytosis
Antibodies
Recognize specific antigens, often proteins; in blood, can be isolated in serum
Antigen
Foreign particle, sparks immune response; an antibody recognizes and binds to (ex: spike protein on SARS-CoV-2)
