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Microbiology > Mini Exam 11 > Flashcards

Mini Exam 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

A
  • DNA virus
  • HSV-1; cold sores, 50% prevalence
  • HSV-2; genital herpes, 12% prevalence
  • infects 4L
  • travels from skin to NEURONS
  • stress related outbreaks
  • correlation with Alzheimer’s (increase in those who develop Alzheimer’s having HSV, as it slowly damages brain cells)
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1
Q
A
  1. Nucleus
  2. Cytosine
  3. transcription
  4. DNA polymerase
  5. Protein
  6. Translation
  7. Ribosome
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2
Q

Once an mRNA is transcribed, it is known as a (A). After this, a (B) is added to the 5’ end, (C) is added to the 3’ end, and it is sometimes (D), where sequence is removed. The combination of these processes is known as (F), and it turns a (A) into an (G).

A

A. Pre-mRNA
B. Cap
C. PolyA tail
D. Spliced
F. Processing
G. mRNA

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3
Q

(A) reads DNA to make mRNA in a
process known as (B). Before cell division, (C) reads DNA to make a DNA copy, in a process known as (D). Both enzymes are found in the nucleus (E: true / false).

A

A. RNA poly
B. Transcription
C. DNA poly
D. DNA synthesis
E. True

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4
Q

Animal Virus Lifecycle

A
  1. Attachment; via CELL RECEPTORS, rate limiting step
  2. Entry; fusion with cell membrane (enveloped) OR receptor-mediated endocytosis (non-enveloped)
  3. Uncoating; genome released from capsid
    4/5. Biosynthesis; 4= replication, 5= gene expression
  4. Assembly
  5. Release; budding (take envelope w/ it on the way out, how they get the envelope!), lysis, or exocytosis
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5
Q

DNA Virus Lifecycle

A
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6
Q

RNA Virus Lifecycle

A
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7
Q

Oncogenic Virus

A

Virus that causes cancer in host organism

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8
Q

Rous Sarcoma Virus

A

Causes sarcoma in chickens

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9
Q

Oncogene

A

A gene that promotes cell division; causes cancer

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10
Q

Acute Infection

A
  • short infection
  • clears up
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11
Q

Recurrent Infection

A
  • cleared up
  • person re-infected
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12
Q

Chronic Infection

A
  • long term
  • can be asymptomatic for a long time`
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13
Q

Slow Infection

A
  • long term
  • progressive disease
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14
Q

Latent Infection

A
  • long term
  • long asymptomatic period after acute phase
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15
Q

Prion

A

Pathogenic, misfolded protein; nonfunctional protein and peer pressure other proteins to do the same (why it is infectious)

16
Q

Varicella Zoster Virus

A
  • VZV
  • DNA virus; long lived
  • infects epithelial and immune T cells
  • latency in neurons
  • acute: chickenpox
  • long term: shingles
  • MMRV vaccine
17
Q

Antibiotics

A
  • kill bacteria using a variety of mechanisms
18
Q

Antibiotic Resistance

A

Drug is no longer effective

Microbiology (13 decks)

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