Midterm unit 4 Flashcards
Axial skeleton\
bones that lie around the longitude axis of the human body. Main function is to support and protect organs (80 bones)
Appendicular
bones of the upper and lower limbs and bones forming the girdles that connect limbs to axial skeleton. Holds limbs in place (126)
Long bones
greater in length than width
Flat bone
Thin
SHort bones
cube shaped
Irregular bones
complex shaped
Articulating surfaces bone markings
condyle, facet, head, trochlea
Condyle
Large, smooth, rounded, oval structure (end of femur)
facet
Small, flat, shallow surface
head
Prominent, rounded epiphysis (little bone at the tip of pelvis)
Trochlea
Smooth, grooved, pulleylike process (Bottom of humorous)
Depression
Alveolus, fossa, sulcus
Alveolus
deep pit or socket in the maxillae or mandible
Fossa
flattened (indent at the bottom of the humerus
Sulcus
narrow groove ( top of humorous)
Projections
Crest, epicondyle, line, process, ramus, spine, trochanter, tubercle, tubersity
Crest
Narrow, prominent, ridge-like 9(EDGE OF PELVIS)
Epicondyle
projection adjacent to a condyle
line
low ridge (the inside of the hole in pelvis)
Process
any marked bony prominence (cheek bone)
Ramus
angular extension of a bone relative to the rest of the structure (top of jaw)
Spine
Pointed slender process (bottom of edge of pelvis)
Trochanter
massive, rough projection found only on femur ( the top)
tuberosity
Large, rough (middle of humorous)
Opening spaces
Canal, fissure, foramen,meatius, Sunnis
Canal
passageway through a bone (behind the ear)
fissure
narrow still like opening through bone (eye)
meatus
passageway through the bone (side of skull)
Sinus
cavity or hollow space (side of head)
Cranial bones
8: frontal, pariental, temporalm occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid
Facial bones
14: Mandible, maxilla, vomer, nasal, Zygomatic, lacrimal, palatine inferior nasal concha
Vertebral column
26:Cervicle spine, Thoracic spine, lumbar spine, scrum, coccyx
How many cervical spine
7
How many thoracic spine
12
how many lumbar spine
5
How many scare spine
5
Associated bones with skull
7: Malleus, incus, stapes, hyoid
Thoracic cages
sternum, 24 ribs
Pectoral girdle
clavicle, scapula, os coxae
Upper limbs
Clavicle, scapula, humerus, carpals, radius, metacarpals, ulna, phalanges
Lower limbs
Femur, tarsals, patella, metatarsals, tibia, phalanges, fibula
Vertebra
body, pedicle, lamina, processes, foramen, discs
True ribs
1-7 attached to the sternum
False ribs
8-10 attached indirectly
Floating ribs
11-12 floating
clavicle
Acromial end, sternal end
scapula
spine, acromion, corrois process, glend process
Arm
humerus, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, lateral epicondyle, medial epicondyle, capitulum, trachlea
Forearm
radius (ulnar notch), ulna (olecranon, radial notch)
Hand
Capals (16), metacarpals (10), phalanges (10), Middle phalanges (8), distal phalanges (10)
True pelvis
the inside
false pelvis
the outside
Thigh
Femur (medial and lateral epicondyles and greater and lesser trochanter) and patella
leg
Tibia (later and medial condyles) and Fibula (lateral malleolus)
Foot
tarsals (14) talus, calcaneus, Metatarsal (10) and phalanges (proximal, middle, and distal)
Major cavities
Cranial, orbit, oral
Curves in the spine
primary: Thoracic and sacral curves are concave (present at birth)
-Secondary: cervical and lumbar appear after birth convex appear when a kid is learning how to walk
Difference between a women and a man pelvis
Male: large, heavier, and more narrow. Public arch angle greater then 90
Female: is rounder has a flared iliac crest, eider pelvic opening, public arch angle less then 90 degrees
